单选题The studies on stress in the early 1970’s led to _____.A widespread concern over its harmful effectsB great panic over the mental disorder it could causeC an intensive research into stress-related illnessesD popular avoidance of stressful jobs

共用题干
Smoke Gets in Your Mind

1.Lung cancer,hypertension,heart disease,birth defects一we are all too familiar with the dangers of smoking. But add to that list a frightening new concern一mental illness.According to some controversial new findings,if smoking does not kill you,it may,quite literally,drive you to despair.
2.The tobacco industry openly pushes its product as something to lift your mood and soothe anxiety.But the short-term feel-good effect may mask the truth that smoking may worsen or even trigger anxiety disorders,panic attacks and depression,perhaps even schizophrenia.
3.Cigarettes and mental illness have always tended to go together. An estimated 1.25 billion people smoke worldwide.Yet people who are depressed or anxious are twice as likely to smoke,and up to 88 percent of those with psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia are smokers.A recent American survey concluded that around half of all cigarettes burn in the fingers of those with mental illness.
4.But the big question is why?The usual story is that the illness comes first. Mentally ill people take up smoking,or smoke more,to alleviate some of their distress.Even when smoking seems to start before the illness,most doctors believe that early but invisible symptoms of the disorder spark the desire to light up.But perhaps something more sinister is going on.
5.A growing number of researchers claim that smoking is the cause,not the consequence of clinical depression and several forms of anxiety."We know a lot about the effects of smoking on physical health,and now we are also starting to see the adverse effects in new research on mental illness,"says Naomi Breslau,director of research at the Henry Ford Health Care System in Detroit.
6.Breslau was one of the first to consider this heretical possibility.The hint came from studies, published in 1998,which followed a group of just over 1.,000 young adults for a five-year period.The 13 percent who began the study with major depression were around three times more likely to progress from being light smokers to daily smokers during the course of the study,though there was no evidence that depression increased the tendency to take up smoking. But a history of daily smok-- ing before the study commenced roughly doubled the risk of developing major depression during the five-year period. Smoking,it seems,could pre-date illness.
7.At first Breslau concluded that whatever prompts people to smoke might also make them depressed.But as the results of other much larger studies began to back the statistical link,she became more convinced than ever that what she was seeing were signs that smoking,perhaps the nicotine itself,could somehow affect the brain and cause depression.
8.One of these larger studies was led by Goodman,a pediatrician.She followed the health of two groups of teenagers for a year. The first group of 8,704 adolescents were not depressed,and might or might not have been smokers,while the second group of 6,947 were highly depressed and had not been smokers in the past month.After a year her team found that although depressed teenagers were more likely to have become heavy smokers,previous experimentation with smoking was the strongest predictor of such behaviour,not the depression itself. What is more important is that teenagers who started out mentally fit but smoked at least one packet per week during the study were four times more likely to develop depression than their non一smoking peers.Goodman says that depression does not seem to start before cigarette use among teens."Current cigarette use is,however,a powerful determinant of developing high depressive symptoms."
9.Breslau,too,finds that smokers are as much as four times more likely to have an isolated panic attack and three times more likely to develop longer-term panic disorder than non-smokers.It's a hard message to get across,because many smokers say they become anxious when they quit,not when they smoke.But Breslau says that

Breslau's study________than Goodman's but lasted longer.
A:have been proved to be misleading
B:but to their mental health as well
C:taking up smoking
D:involved fewer people
E:they started to smoke at an early age
F: but their level of anxiety increases when they quit smoking

共用题干
Smoke Gets in Your Mind

1.Lung cancer,hypertension,heart disease,birth defects一we are all too familiar with the dangers of smoking. But add to that list a frightening new concern一mental illness.According to some controversial new findings,if smoking does not kill you,it may,quite literally,drive you to despair.
2.The tobacco industry openly pushes its product as something to lift your mood and soothe anxiety.But the short-term feel-good effect may mask the truth that smoking may worsen or even trigger anxiety disorders,panic attacks and depression,perhaps even schizophrenia.
3.Cigarettes and mental illness have always tended to go together. An estimated 1.25 billion people smoke worldwide.Yet people who are depressed or anxious are twice as likely to smoke,and up to 88 percent of those with psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia are smokers.A recent American survey concluded that around half of all cigarettes burn in the fingers of those with mental illness.
4.But the big question is why?The usual story is that the illness comes first. Mentally ill people take up smoking,or smoke more,to alleviate some of their distress.Even when smoking seems to start before the illness,most doctors believe that early but invisible symptoms of the disorder spark the desire to light up.But perhaps something more sinister is going on.
5.A growing number of researchers claim that smoking is the cause,not the consequence of clinical depression and several forms of anxiety."We know a lot about the effects of smoking on physical health,and now we are also starting to see the adverse effects in new research on mental illness,"says Naomi Breslau,director of research at the Henry Ford Health Care System in Detroit.
6.Breslau was one of the first to consider this heretical possibility.The hint came from studies, published in 1998,which followed a group of just over 1.,000 young adults for a five-year period.The 13 percent who began the study with major depression were around three times more likely to progress from being light smokers to daily smokers during the course of the study,though there was no evidence that depression increased the tendency to take up smoking. But a history of daily smok-- ing before the study commenced roughly doubled the risk of developing major depression during the five-year period. Smoking,it seems,could pre-date illness.
7.At first Breslau concluded that whatever prompts people to smoke might also make them depressed.But as the results of other much larger studies began to back the statistical link,she became more convinced than ever that what she was seeing were signs that smoking,perhaps the nicotine itself,could somehow affect the brain and cause depression.
8.One of these larger studies was led by Goodman,a pediatrician.She followed the health of two groups of teenagers for a year. The first group of 8,704 adolescents were not depressed,and might or might not have been smokers,while the second group of 6,947 were highly depressed and had not been smokers in the past month.After a year her team found that although depressed teenagers were more likely to have become heavy smokers,previous experimentation with smoking was the strongest predictor of such behaviour,not the depression itself. What is more important is that teenagers who started out mentally fit but smoked at least one packet per week during the study were four times more likely to develop depression than their non一smoking peers.Goodman says that depression does not seem to start before cigarette use among teens."Current cigarette use is,however,a powerful determinant of developing high depressive symptoms."
9.Breslau,too,finds that smokers are as much as four times more likely to have an isolated panic attack and three times more likely to develop longer-term panic disorder than non-smokers.It's a hard message to get across,because many smokers say they become anxious when they quit,not when they smoke.But Breslau says that

Paragraph 6_______
A:Doubt about the Usual Belief.
B:Researchers' Opinion Divided.
C:Positive Effects of Smoking as Advertised.
D:Close Association Between Depression and Smoking.
E:Breslau's Conclusion Supported by Another Larger Study.
F:Effect of Smoking on Mental Health Initially Proved.

共用题干
Smoke Gets in Your Mind

1.Lung cancer,hypertension,heart disease,birth defects一we are all too familiar with the dangers of smoking. But add to that list a frightening new concern一mental illness.According to some controversial new findings,if smoking does not kill you,it may,quite literally,drive you to despair.
2.The tobacco industry openly pushes its product as something to lift your mood and soothe anxiety.But the short-term feel-good effect may mask the truth that smoking may worsen or even trigger anxiety disorders,panic attacks and depression,perhaps even schizophrenia.
3.Cigarettes and mental illness have always tended to go together. An estimated 1.25 billion people smoke worldwide.Yet people who are depressed or anxious are twice as likely to smoke,and up to 88 percent of those with psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia are smokers.A recent American survey concluded that around half of all cigarettes burn in the fingers of those with mental illness.
4.But the big question is why?The usual story is that the illness comes first. Mentally ill people take up smoking,or smoke more,to alleviate some of their distress.Even when smoking seems to start before the illness,most doctors believe that early but invisible symptoms of the disorder spark the desire to light up.But perhaps something more sinister is going on.
5.A growing number of researchers claim that smoking is the cause,not the consequence of clinical depression and several forms of anxiety."We know a lot about the effects of smoking on physical health,and now we are also starting to see the adverse effects in new research on mental illness,"says Naomi Breslau,director of research at the Henry Ford Health Care System in Detroit.
6.Breslau was one of the first to consider this heretical possibility.The hint came from studies, published in 1998,which followed a group of just over 1.,000 young adults for a five-year period.The 13 percent who began the study with major depression were around three times more likely to progress from being light smokers to daily smokers during the course of the study,though there was no evidence that depression increased the tendency to take up smoking. But a history of daily smok-- ing before the study commenced roughly doubled the risk of developing major depression during the five-year period. Smoking,it seems,could pre-date illness.
7.At first Breslau concluded that whatever prompts people to smoke might also make them depressed.But as the results of other much larger studies began to back the statistical link,she became more convinced than ever that what she was seeing were signs that smoking,perhaps the nicotine itself,could somehow affect the brain and cause depression.
8.One of these larger studies was led by Goodman,a pediatrician.She followed the health of two groups of teenagers for a year. The first group of 8,704 adolescents were not depressed,and might or might not have been smokers,while the second group of 6,947 were highly depressed and had not been smokers in the past month.After a year her team found that although depressed teenagers were more likely to have become heavy smokers,previous experimentation with smoking was the strongest predictor of such behaviour,not the depression itself. What is more important is that teenagers who started out mentally fit but smoked at least one packet per week during the study were four times more likely to develop depression than their non一smoking peers.Goodman says that depression does not seem to start before cigarette use among teens."Current cigarette use is,however,a powerful determinant of developing high depressive symptoms."
9.Breslau,too,finds that smokers are as much as four times more likely to have an isolated panic attack and three times more likely to develop longer-term panic disorder than non-smokers.It's a hard message to get across,because many smokers say they become anxious when they quit,not when they smoke.But Breslau says that

Nowadays many doFtors have become aware that smoking is not only a hazard to people's physical health_______.
A:have been proved to be misleading
B:but to their mental health as well
C:taking up smoking
D:involved fewer people
E:they started to smoke at an early age
F: but their level of anxiety increases when they quit smoking

共用题干
第三篇

When Fear Takes Control of the Mind

A panic attack is a sudden feeling of terror. Usually it does not last long,but it may feel like forever. The
cause can be something as normally uneventful as driving over a bridge or flying in an airplane.And it can
happen even if the person has driven over many bridges or flown many times before.A fast heart beat. Sweaty
hands.Difficulty in breathing. A light一headed feeling. At first a person may have no idea what is wrong. But
these can all be signs of what is known as panic disorder. The first appearance usually is between the ages of 18
and 25.In some cases it develop3 after a tragedy,like the death of a loved one,or some other difficult situation.
In the United States,the National Institute of Mental Health says more than two million people are af-
fected in any one-year period.The American Psychological Association says panic disorder is twice more like-
ly in women than men.And it can last anywhere from a few months to a lifetime.
Panic attacks can be dangerous一for example,if a person is driving at the time.The Chesapeake Bay
Bridge in the state of Maryland is so long and so high over the water,and it is famous for scaring motorists.
There is even a driver assistance program to help people get across.Some people who suffer a panic attack
develop a phobia,a deep fear of ever repeating the activity that brought on the attack.
But experts say panic disorder can be treated. Doctors might suggest anti-anxiety or anti-depressant
medicines.Talking to a counselor could help a person learn to deal with or avoid a panic attack.There are
breathing methods,for example,that might help a person calm down.Panic disorder is included among what
mental health professionals call anxiety disorders.A study published last week reported a link between
anxiety disorders and several physical diseases.It says these include thyroid disease,lung and stomach prob-
lems,arthritis,migraine headaches and allergic conditions.Researchers at the University of Manitoba in
Canada say that in most cases the physical condition followed the anxiety disorder. However,they say,exactly
how the two are connected remains unknown.
The report in the Archives of Internal Medicine came from a German health study of more than 4 ,000 adalts.

Which of the following spots is most likely to cause drivers to suffer panic disorder according to the author?
A:The Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco.
B:The Chesapeake Bay Bridge in Maryland.
C:The Empire State Building in New York.
D:The Niagara Falls in North America.

The war was over,but the whole country was in a state of disorder.

A:confusion
B:disagreement
C:disappearance
D:disaster

共用题干
When Fear Takes Control of the Mind
A panic attack is a sudden feeling of terror.Usually it does not last long,but it may feel like forever. The cause can be something as normally uneventful as driving over a bridge or flying in an airplane.And it can happen even if the person has driven over many bridges or flown many times before.A fast heartbeat. Sweaty hands.Difficulty breathing.A light-headed feeling.At first a person may have no idea what is wrong.But these can all be signs of what is known as panic disorder.The first appearance usually is between the ages of 1 8 and 25.In some cases it develops after a tragedy,like the death of a loved one,or some other difficult situation.
In the United States,the National Institute of Mental Health says more than two million people are affected in any one-year period.The American Psychological Association says panic disorder is two times more likely in women than men.And it can last anywhere from a few months to a lifetime.
Panic attacks can be dangerous-for example,if a person is driving at the time.The Chesapeake Bay Bridge in the state of Maryland is so long and so high over the water,it is famous for scaring motorists.There is even a driver assistance program to help people get across.
Some people who suffer a panic attack develop a phobia,a deep fear of ever repeating the activity that brought on the attack.
But experts say panic disorder can be treated.Doctors might suggest anti-anxiety or antidepressant medicines. Talking to a counselor coald help a person learn to deal with or avoid a panic attack.There are breathing methods, for example,that might help a person calm down.
Panic disorder is included among what mental health professionals call anxiety disorders.A study published last week reported a link between anxiety disorders and several physical diseases.It says these include thyroid disease,lung and stomach problems,artluitis,migraine headaches and allergic conditions.Researchers at the University of Manitoba in Canada say that in most cases the physical condition follows the anxiety disorder.But, They say,exactly how the two are connected remains unknown.
The report in the Archives of Internal Medicine came from a German health study of more than 4 ,000 adults.

According to a stu街，all of the following diseases may be associated with anxiety disorder EXCEPT______.
A:cancer diseases
B:allergic conditions
C:thyroid problems
D:lung and stomach troubles

Over the past ten years, China has__________a series of great changes in its infrastructure and economy.

A．witnessed
B．found
C．occurred
D．taken

共用题干
Smoke Gets in Your Mind

1.Lung cancer,hypertension,heart disease,birth defects一we are all too familiar with the dangers of smoking. But add to that list a frightening new concern一mental illness.According to some controversial new findings,if smoking does not kill you,it may,quite literally,drive you to despair.
2.The tobacco industry openly pushes its product as something to lift your mood and soothe anxiety.But the short-term feel-good effect may mask the truth that smoking may worsen or even trigger anxiety disorders,panic attacks and depression,perhaps even schizophrenia.
3.Cigarettes and mental illness have always tended to go together. An estimated 1.25 billion people smoke worldwide.Yet people who are depressed or anxious are twice as likely to smoke,and up to 88 percent of those with psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia are smokers.A recent American survey concluded that around half of all cigarettes burn in the fingers of those with mental illness.
4.But the big question is why?The usual story is that the illness comes first. Mentally ill people take up smoking,or smoke more,to alleviate some of their distress.Even when smoking seems to start before the illness,most doctors believe that early but invisible symptoms of the disorder spark the desire to light up.But perhaps something more sinister is going on.
5.A growing number of researchers claim that smoking is the cause,not the consequence of clinical depression and several forms of anxiety."We know a lot about the effects of smoking on physical health,and now we are also starting to see the adverse effects in new research on mental illness,"says Naomi Breslau,director of research at the Henry Ford Health Care System in Detroit.
6.Breslau was one of the first to consider this heretical possibility.The hint came from studies, published in 1998,which followed a group of just over 1.,000 young adults for a five-year period.The 13 percent who began the study with major depression were around three times more likely to progress from being light smokers to daily smokers during the course of the study,though there was no evidence that depression increased the tendency to take up smoking. But a history of daily smok-- ing before the study commenced roughly doubled the risk of developing major depression during the five-year period. Smoking,it seems,could pre-date illness.
7.At first Breslau concluded that whatever prompts people to smoke might also make them depressed.But as the results of other much larger studies began to back the statistical link,she became more convinced than ever that what she was seeing were signs that smoking,perhaps the nicotine itself,could somehow affect the brain and cause depression.
8.One of these larger studies was led by Goodman,a pediatrician.She followed the health of two groups of teenagers for a year. The first group of 8,704 adolescents were not depressed,and might or might not have been smokers,while the second group of 6,947 were highly depressed and had not been smokers in the past month.After a year her team found that although depressed teenagers were more likely to have become heavy smokers,previous experimentation with smoking was the strongest predictor of such behaviour,not the depression itself. What is more important is that teenagers who started out mentally fit but smoked at least one packet per week during the study were four times more likely to develop depression than their non一smoking peers.Goodman says that depression does not seem to start before cigarette use among teens."Current cigarette use is,however,a powerful determinant of developing high depressive symptoms."
9.Breslau,too,finds that smokers are as much as four times more likely to have an isolated panic attack and three times more likely to develop longer-term panic disorder than non-smokers.It's a hard message to get across,because many smokers say they become anxious when they quit,not when they smoke.But Breslau says that

The cigarette ads which claim that smoking can help soothe anxiety_______.
A:have been proved to be misleading
B:but to their mental health as well
C:taking up smoking
D:involved fewer people
E:they started to smoke at an early age
F: but their level of anxiety increases when they quit smoking

共用题干
Promising Resnlts from Cancer Study
A new experimental vaccine（疫苗）has shown promising results in the fight against lung cancer.In a small Texas-based study,a vaccine developed by scientists at Baylor University Medical Centre in Dallas,USA,cured lung cancer in some patients and slowed the progress of the disease in others.
Researchers have reported encouraging findings from this small study.Forty一three patients suffering from lung cancer were involved in these trials.Ten of these patients were in the early stages and thirty-three in tho advanced stages of the disease.They were injected with the vaccine every two weeks for three months,and were carefully monitored for three years.In three of the patients in the advanced stages of cancer,the disease disappeared and in the others,it did not spread for five to twenty-four months.However,no great difference was seen in the patients in the early stages of the illness.
This new vaccine uses the patient's own immune system.It is made specifically for each patient and is injected into the arm or leg.It stimulates（刺激）the body's immune system, which then recognizes that the cancer cells are harmful,and attacks and destroys them.
The vaccine could be effective against other forms of cancer.It offers great hope for the treatment of cancer in general,although further studies are needed before such treatment can be widely used.

Over forty people participated in the study.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
第三篇

When Fear Takes Control of the Mind

A panic attack is a sudden feeling of terror. Usually it does not last long,but it may feel like forever. The
cause can be something as normally uneventful as driving over a bridge or flying in an airplane.And it can
happen even if the person has driven over many bridges or flown many times before.A fast heart beat. Sweaty
hands.Difficulty in breathing. A light一headed feeling. At first a person may have no idea what is wrong. But
these can all be signs of what is known as panic disorder. The first appearance usually is between the ages of 18
and 25.In some cases it develop3 after a tragedy,like the death of a loved one,or some other difficult situation.
In the United States,the National Institute of Mental Health says more than two million people are af-
fected in any one-year period.The American Psychological Association says panic disorder is twice more like-
ly in women than men.And it can last anywhere from a few months to a lifetime.
Panic attacks can be dangerous一for example,if a person is driving at the time.The Chesapeake Bay
Bridge in the state of Maryland is so long and so high over the water,and it is famous for scaring motorists.
There is even a driver assistance program to help people get across.Some people who suffer a panic attack
develop a phobia,a deep fear of ever repeating the activity that brought on the attack.
But experts say panic disorder can be treated. Doctors might suggest anti-anxiety or anti-depressant
medicines.Talking to a counselor could help a person learn to deal with or avoid a panic attack.There are
breathing methods,for example,that might help a person calm down.Panic disorder is included among what
mental health professionals call anxiety disorders.A study published last week reported a link between
anxiety disorders and several physical diseases.It says these include thyroid disease,lung and stomach prob-
lems,arthritis,migraine headaches and allergic conditions.Researchers at the University of Manitoba in
Canada say that in most cases the physical condition followed the anxiety disorder. However,they say,exactly
how the two are connected remains unknown.
The report in the Archives of Internal Medicine came from a German health study of more than 4 ,000 adalts.

According to a study,all of the following diseases may be associated with anxiety disorder EXCEPT_________.
A:cancer diseases
B:allergic conditions
C:thyroid problems
D:lung and stomach troubles

共用题干
第三篇

When Fear Takes Control of the Mind

A panic attack is a sudden feeling of terror. Usually it does not last long,but it may feel like forever. The
cause can be something as normally uneventful as driving over a bridge or flying in an airplane.And it can
happen even if the person has driven over many bridges or flown many times before.A fast heart beat. Sweaty
hands.Difficulty in breathing. A light一headed feeling. At first a person may have no idea what is wrong. But
these can all be signs of what is known as panic disorder. The first appearance usually is between the ages of 18
and 25.In some cases it develop3 after a tragedy,like the death of a loved one,or some other difficult situation.
In the United States,the National Institute of Mental Health says more than two million people are af-
fected in any one-year period.The American Psychological Association says panic disorder is twice more like-
ly in women than men.And it can last anywhere from a few months to a lifetime.
Panic attacks can be dangerous一for example,if a person is driving at the time.The Chesapeake Bay
Bridge in the state of Maryland is so long and so high over the water,and it is famous for scaring motorists.
There is even a driver assistance program to help people get across.Some people who suffer a panic attack
develop a phobia,a deep fear of ever repeating the activity that brought on the attack.
But experts say panic disorder can be treated. Doctors might suggest anti-anxiety or anti-depressant
medicines.Talking to a counselor could help a person learn to deal with or avoid a panic attack.There are
breathing methods,for example,that might help a person calm down.Panic disorder is included among what
mental health professionals call anxiety disorders.A study published last week reported a link between
anxiety disorders and several physical diseases.It says these include thyroid disease,lung and stomach prob-
lems,arthritis,migraine headaches and allergic conditions.Researchers at the University of Manitoba in
Canada say that in most cases the physical condition followed the anxiety disorder. However,they say,exactly
how the two are connected remains unknown.
The report in the Archives of Internal Medicine came from a German health study of more than 4 ,000 adalts.

The probability for American females to be affected by panic disorder is_________that for American males.
A:twice as much as
B:three times as much as
C:three times more than
D:one time more than

共用题干
When Fear Takes Control of the Mind
A panic attack is a sudden feeling of terror.Usually it does not last long,but it may feel like forever. The cause can be something as normally uneventful as driving over a bridge or flying in an airplane.And it can happen even if the person has driven over many bridges or flown many times before.A fast heartbeat. Sweaty hands.Difficulty breathing.A light-headed feeling.At first a person may have no idea what is wrong.But these can all be signs of what is known as panic disorder.The first appearance usually is between the ages of 1 8 and 25.In some cases it develops after a tragedy,like the death of a loved one,or some other difficult situation.
In the United States,the National Institute of Mental Health says more than two million people are affected in any one-year period.The American Psychological Association says panic disorder is two times more likely in women than men.And it can last anywhere from a few months to a lifetime.
Panic attacks can be dangerous-for example,if a person is driving at the time.The Chesapeake Bay Bridge in the state of Maryland is so long and so high over the water,it is famous for scaring motorists.There is even a driver assistance program to help people get across.
Some people who suffer a panic attack develop a phobia,a deep fear of ever repeating the activity that brought on the attack.
But experts say panic disorder can be treated.Doctors might suggest anti-anxiety or antidepressant medicines. Talking to a counselor coald help a person learn to deal with or avoid a panic attack.There are breathing methods, for example,that might help a person calm down.
Panic disorder is included among what mental health professionals call anxiety disorders.A study published last week reported a link between anxiety disorders and several physical diseases.It says these include thyroid disease,lung and stomach problems,artluitis,migraine headaches and allergic conditions.Researchers at the University of Manitoba in Canada say that in most cases the physical condition follows the anxiety disorder.But, They say,exactly how the two are connected remains unknown.
The report in the Archives of Internal Medicine came from a German health study of more than 4 ,000 adults.

Which of the following spots is most likely to cause drivers to suffer panic disorder according to the author?
A:The Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco.
B:The Chesapeake Bay Bridge in Maryland.
C:The Empire State Building in New York.
D:The Niagara Fails in North America.

According to the passage,coins once had real value as currency because they______.

A.represented a great improvement over barter
B.permitted easy transportation of wealth
C.were made of precious metals
D.could become collector’s items