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单选题The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is ______.A global inflationB reduction in supplyC fast growth in economyD Iraq’s suspension of exports
题目
单选题
The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is ______.
A
global inflation
B
reduction in supply
C
fast growth in economy
D
Iraq’s suspension of exports
相似考题
参考答案和解析
正确答案：
D
解析：
细节题。首段第二句提到，自从石油输出国组织在3月份决定减少石油供应以来，原油已从去年12月不到10美元一桶攀升到现在26美元一桶。由此可知，供应量的减少是石油价格攀升的主要原因。故B项正确。首段第四句指出，前两次类似的涨价都导致了通货膨胀和全球经济衰退，A项将因果关系倒置了，故排除。C项文中未提及。第二段第一句指出，伊拉克中止石油出口给这次涨价推波助澜，可见D项并不是主要原因，可排除。
细节题。首段第二句提到，自从石油输出国组织在3月份决定减少石油供应以来，原油已从去年12月不到10美元一桶攀升到现在26美元一桶。由此可知，供应量的减少是石油价格攀升的主要原因。故B项正确。首段第四句指出，前两次类似的涨价都导致了通货膨胀和全球经济衰退，A项将因果关系倒置了，故排除。C项文中未提及。第二段第一句指出，伊拉克中止石油出口给这次涨价推波助澜，可见D项并不是主要原因，可排除。
更多“单选题The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is ______.A global inflationB reduction in supplyC fast growth in economyD Iraq’s suspension of exports”相关问题
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第1题：
Text 3 Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 1979-80, when they also almost tripled. Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline. So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption. Software, consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production. For each dollar of GDP (in constant prices) rich economies now use nearly 50% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand, oil-importing emerging economies--to which heavy industry has shifted-have become more energy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand. A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline. The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%, and in 1979 by almost 30%.
第51题：The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is
A global inflation.
B reduction in supply.
C fast growth in economy.
D Iraq's suspension of exports.
正确答案：B
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第2题：
We can draw a conclusion from the text that
A oil-price shocks are less shocking now.
B inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks.
C energy conservation can keep down the oil prices.
D the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry.
正确答案：A
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第3题：
共用题干
第三篇
Oil and Economy
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double一digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(in constant prices)rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.S%of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980.On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy一intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.We can draw a conclusion from the text that______.
A:oil-price shocks are less shocking now
B:inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks
C:energy conservation can keep down the oil prices
D:the price rise of crude oil leads to the shrinking of heavy industry答案：A解析：根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话“Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December"，说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量，使得油价上升。所以本题的答案是B选项。D选项不是该现象的主要原因，因为OPEC的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格的走势的主要原因。
根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话“In Europe , taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past"，意思是说“在欧洲，税占汽油的零售价的4/5，因此相比以往，原油的价格变化对汽油零售价的影响不会很明显”。也就是说，税的增加会导致汽油价格的猛涨，而原油价格的变化带来的影响不会很大。本题的一个理解难点是“muted effect "，另外一个是“pump price "。 " mute”表示“哑巴的，无声的，沉默的”，和“effect”连用，表示 “影响不明显”；而“pump price”是一个很形象的说法，" pump”指的是“泵”，这里很形象地用 " pump”指代“汽油零售”。根据上述分析，可以得出答案是D选项。
根据本题的关键词“《经济展望》的估计”可以定位到“The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0 .25％一 0.5% of GDP"，也就是说，油价的上涨对GDP的影响很小，只有“0.25%—0.5%”。因此我们可以得出答案为D选项。
本题的几个选项需要通篇理解。文章第三段指出“油价的经济影响不会那么严重”，作者指出其原因是原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高，发达国家对石油的依赖减弱，此次涨价的背景不一样了。文章最后一段说这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不同，对各国的影响也基本没有反映出来，连物价都基本没有变动，也就是说，油价冲击已经不是那么可怕。所以答案是A选项。
本文作者主要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。尤其是第三段和最后一段的第一句话，强调人们不必担心此次油价上涨，因为这一次的情况与“20世纪70年代” 不同。由此可见作者的态度是“乐观的”。 -
第4题：
共用题干
第三篇
Oil and Economy
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double一digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(in constant prices)rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.S%of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980.On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy一intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.From the text we can see that the writer seems______.
A:optimistic
B:sensitive
C:gloomy
D:scared答案：A解析：根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话“Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December"，说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量，使得油价上升。所以本题的答案是B选项。D选项不是该现象的主要原因，因为OPEC的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格的走势的主要原因。
根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话“In Europe , taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past"，意思是说“在欧洲，税占汽油的零售价的4/5，因此相比以往，原油的价格变化对汽油零售价的影响不会很明显”。也就是说，税的增加会导致汽油价格的猛涨，而原油价格的变化带来的影响不会很大。本题的一个理解难点是“muted effect "，另外一个是“pump price "。 " mute”表示“哑巴的，无声的，沉默的”，和“effect”连用，表示 “影响不明显”；而“pump price”是一个很形象的说法，" pump”指的是“泵”，这里很形象地用 " pump”指代“汽油零售”。根据上述分析，可以得出答案是D选项。
根据本题的关键词“《经济展望》的估计”可以定位到“The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0 .25％一 0.5% of GDP"，也就是说，油价的上涨对GDP的影响很小，只有“0.25%—0.5%”。因此我们可以得出答案为D选项。
本题的几个选项需要通篇理解。文章第三段指出“油价的经济影响不会那么严重”，作者指出其原因是原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高，发达国家对石油的依赖减弱，此次涨价的背景不一样了。文章最后一段说这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不同，对各国的影响也基本没有反映出来，连物价都基本没有变动，也就是说，油价冲击已经不是那么可怕。所以答案是A选项。
本文作者主要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。尤其是第三段和最后一段的第一句话，强调人们不必担心此次油价上涨，因为这一次的情况与“20世纪70年代” 不同。由此可见作者的态度是“乐观的”。 -
第5题：
In the south, one effect to the development of the oil industry might be ______.A. a large reduction on unemployment
B. a growth in the tourist industry
C. a reduction in the number of existing industries
D. the development of a number of service industries答案：C解析：过第三段的"The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north…Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad."可知现存工业数量减少，C正确。 -
第6题：
共用题干
第三篇
Oil and Economy
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the l970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the l970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(inconstant prices)in rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with$13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25％～0.5%of GDP.That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy-intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago.In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.We can draw a conclusion from the text that_______.
A:oil-price shocks are less shocking now
B:inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks
C:energy conservation can keep down the oil prices
D:the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry答案：A解析：根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话“Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost$26 a barrel,up from less than $10 last December"，说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量，使得油价上升，所以本题的答案是B选项。D选项不是该现象的主要原因，因为OPEC的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格走势的主要原因。
根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话“In Europe , taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past"，意思是说“在欧洲，税占汽油零售价的4/5，因此相比以往，原油的价格变化对汽油的影响不会很明显‘”。也就是说税的增加会导致汽油价格的猛涨，而原油价格的变化所带来的影响不会很大。本题一个理解的难度是muted effect，另外一个是 pump p rice0 mute表示“哑巴的、无声的、沉默的”，和effect连用表示“影响不明显”；而pump price是一个很形象的说法，pump指的是“泵”，这里很形象地用pump指代汽油。根据上述分析，可以得出答案是D选项。
根据本题的关键词The estimates in Economic Outlook可以定位到第四段 "The OECD estimates in its latest Economic outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25%～0.5% of GDP"。也就是说，油价的上涨对GDP的影响很小，只占0.25%～0.5%。因此我们可以得出答案是D选项。
通观全文，文章第三段指出“油价的经济影响不会那么严重”，作者指出其原因是“原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高，发达国家对石油的依赖减弱，此次涨价的背景不一样了”。文章最后一段说到这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不同，对各国的影响也基本没有反映出来，连物价都基本没有变动，也就是说，油价冲击已经不是那么可怕，所以答案是A选项。
本文作者主要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。尤其是第三段和最后一段的第一句话，强调人们不必担心此次油价上涨，因为这一次的情况与20世纪70年代不同。由此可见作者的态度是乐观的。 -
第7题：
共用题干
第三篇
Oil and Economy
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the l970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the l970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(inconstant prices)in rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with$13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25％～0.5%of GDP.That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy-intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago.In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.From the text we can see that the writer seems_______.
A:optimistic
B:sensitive
C:gloomy
D:scared答案：A解析：根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话“Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost$26 a barrel,up from less than $10 last December"，说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量，使得油价上升，所以本题的答案是B选项。D选项不是该现象的主要原因，因为OPEC的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格走势的主要原因。
根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话“In Europe , taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past"，意思是说“在欧洲，税占汽油零售价的4/5，因此相比以往，原油的价格变化对汽油的影响不会很明显‘”。也就是说税的增加会导致汽油价格的猛涨，而原油价格的变化所带来的影响不会很大。本题一个理解的难度是muted effect，另外一个是 pump p rice0 mute表示“哑巴的、无声的、沉默的”，和effect连用表示“影响不明显”；而pump price是一个很形象的说法，pump指的是“泵”，这里很形象地用pump指代汽油。根据上述分析，可以得出答案是D选项。
根据本题的关键词The estimates in Economic Outlook可以定位到第四段 "The OECD estimates in its latest Economic outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25%～0.5% of GDP"。也就是说，油价的上涨对GDP的影响很小，只占0.25%～0.5%。因此我们可以得出答案是D选项。
通观全文，文章第三段指出“油价的经济影响不会那么严重”，作者指出其原因是“原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高，发达国家对石油的依赖减弱，此次涨价的背景不一样了”。文章最后一段说到这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不同，对各国的影响也基本没有反映出来，连物价都基本没有变动，也就是说，油价冲击已经不是那么可怕，所以答案是A选项。
本文作者主要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。尤其是第三段和最后一段的第一句话，强调人们不必担心此次油价上涨，因为这一次的情况与20世纪70年代不同。由此可见作者的态度是乐观的。 -
第8题：
资料：Economic performance is improving in most of the world's leading economies but is still short of a self-sustaining upswing, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development said on Wednesday.
In an update to its economic forecasts, the Paris-based international organisation representing advanced economies said that more private sector investment was needed for the expansion to endure, for wages to rise sustainability and for inequalities to be tackled.
Although all leading economies are now recording positive growth, Catherine Mann, the OECD's chief economist, urged governments to “curb your enthusiasm [ because] strong and sustained medium-term global growth is not yet secured”.
The OECD's economic outlook shows upgrades to the 2017 growth forecasts in China, Russia and Europe excluding the UK with the world outlook also appearing stronger in 2018.
World growth should rise from a low of 3.1 per cent in 2016, to 3.5 per cent this year and 3.7 per cent in 2018, the OECD forecast, with the US, the Eurozone, Brazil and Russia contributing most to the improved global outlook.
China's predicted growth rate of 6.8 per cent in 2017 and 6.6 per cent in 2018 has been revised higher by 0.2 percentage points in both years and although India's growth rate has been revised down, reflecting adjustment to its new goods and services tax, it is likely to remain the fastest growing large economy in the world.
Only the UK, which remains embroiled in Brexit negotiations, has a deteriorating outlook. Responding to the OECD's forecast that the British economy will be the slowest growing in the Group of Seven in 2018 having been near the top of the league table in 2016, the British Treasury said it was not complacent.
What is the best title for the passage？A.The prosperity of the leading economies
B.The engine of the world economy
C.China，the trail blazer of the world economy
D.Global economy improving but lacks self-sustaining upswing答案：D解析：本题考查主旨大意。
【关键词】best title
【主题句】第1自然段Economic performance is improving in most of the world’s leading economies but is still short of a self-sustaining upswing, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development said on Wednesday. 经济合作与发展组织（OECD）周三表示，全球主要经济体的经济表现正在改善，但仍缺乏足以自我维持的上升势头。
【解析】题干意为“哪个选项为最佳标题？” 选项A意为“发达经济体的繁荣”；选项B意为“世界经济的引擎”；选项C意为“中国，世界经济的先驱者”；选项D意为“全球经济在增长，但缺乏足以自我维持的上升势头”。根据主题句可知，文章主要围绕着世界经济形势展开论述的，故选项D符合题意。 -
第9题：
According to the passage，the following factors cause oil prices to rise except( )A.the war in Iraq
B.cuts in supplies
C.higher demand for oil
D.fewer and fewer new oil discoveries答案：C解析：细节题。本题考查对第一段的理解。文章提到了伊拉克战争导致的石油危机，壳牌公司石油储备量的减少，即供应量的减少，以及新发现的油矿也越来越少。根据题意，排除A、B、D三项，文章没有提及C项。 -
第10题：
单选题The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is ______.Aglobal inflation
Breduction in supply
Cfast growth in economy
DIraq’s suspension of exports
正确答案： C解析：
细节题。首段第二句提到，自从石油输出国组织在3月份决定减少石油供应以来，原油已从去年12月不到10美元一桶攀升到现在26美元一桶。由此可知，供应量的减少是石油价格攀升的主要原因。故B项正确。首段第四句指出，前两次类似的涨价都导致了通货膨胀和全球经济衰退，A项将因果关系倒置了，故排除。C项文中未提及。第二段第一句指出，伊拉克中止石油出口给这次涨价推波助澜，可见D项并不是主要原因，可排除。 -
第11题：
单选题According to the Robinson Graph, suddenly astern maneuvering of main engine during navigating will cause（）Arapid reduction of ship’s friction force
Bshaft system over mechanical load
Csharp growth of the torque of diesel engine
Dpropeller torque change along J=0 curve
正确答案： A解析： 暂无解析 -
第12题：
单选题In the spring of 1984, Continental experienced _____.Aa fast growth period.
Ba stability period.
Ca run
Dan oil price decrease
正确答案： D解析：
本题的依据是文章第四段的第一句话“By the spring of 1984，a run on Continental had begun”，从中可知，C项为正确答案。 -
第13题：
It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if
A price of crude rises.
B commodity prices rise.
C consumption rises.
D oil taxes rise.
正确答案：D
-
第14题：
共用题干
第三篇
Oil and Economy
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double一digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(in constant prices)rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.S%of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980.On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy一intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries______.
A:heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive
B:income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices
C:manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed
D:oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP答案：D解析：根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话“Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December"，说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量，使得油价上升。所以本题的答案是B选项。D选项不是该现象的主要原因，因为OPEC的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格的走势的主要原因。
根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话“In Europe , taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past"，意思是说“在欧洲，税占汽油的零售价的4/5，因此相比以往，原油的价格变化对汽油零售价的影响不会很明显”。也就是说，税的增加会导致汽油价格的猛涨，而原油价格的变化带来的影响不会很大。本题的一个理解难点是“muted effect "，另外一个是“pump price "。 " mute”表示“哑巴的，无声的，沉默的”，和“effect”连用，表示 “影响不明显”；而“pump price”是一个很形象的说法，" pump”指的是“泵”，这里很形象地用 " pump”指代“汽油零售”。根据上述分析，可以得出答案是D选项。
根据本题的关键词“《经济展望》的估计”可以定位到“The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0 .25％一 0.5% of GDP"，也就是说，油价的上涨对GDP的影响很小，只有“0.25%—0.5%”。因此我们可以得出答案为D选项。
本题的几个选项需要通篇理解。文章第三段指出“油价的经济影响不会那么严重”，作者指出其原因是原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高，发达国家对石油的依赖减弱，此次涨价的背景不一样了。文章最后一段说这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不同，对各国的影响也基本没有反映出来，连物价都基本没有变动，也就是说，油价冲击已经不是那么可怕。所以答案是A选项。
本文作者主要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。尤其是第三段和最后一段的第一句话，强调人们不必担心此次油价上涨，因为这一次的情况与“20世纪70年代” 不同。由此可见作者的态度是“乐观的”。 -
第15题：
共用题干
第三篇
Oil and Economy
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double一digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(in constant prices)rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.S%of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980.On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy一intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is______.
A:global inflation
B:reduction in supply
C:fast growth in economy
D:Iraq's suspension of exports答案：B解析：根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话“Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December"，说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量，使得油价上升。所以本题的答案是B选项。D选项不是该现象的主要原因，因为OPEC的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格的走势的主要原因。
根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话“In Europe , taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past"，意思是说“在欧洲，税占汽油的零售价的4/5，因此相比以往，原油的价格变化对汽油零售价的影响不会很明显”。也就是说，税的增加会导致汽油价格的猛涨，而原油价格的变化带来的影响不会很大。本题的一个理解难点是“muted effect "，另外一个是“pump price "。 " mute”表示“哑巴的，无声的，沉默的”，和“effect”连用，表示 “影响不明显”；而“pump price”是一个很形象的说法，" pump”指的是“泵”，这里很形象地用 " pump”指代“汽油零售”。根据上述分析，可以得出答案是D选项。
根据本题的关键词“《经济展望》的估计”可以定位到“The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0 .25％一 0.5% of GDP"，也就是说，油价的上涨对GDP的影响很小，只有“0.25%—0.5%”。因此我们可以得出答案为D选项。
本题的几个选项需要通篇理解。文章第三段指出“油价的经济影响不会那么严重”，作者指出其原因是原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高，发达国家对石油的依赖减弱，此次涨价的背景不一样了。文章最后一段说这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不同，对各国的影响也基本没有反映出来，连物价都基本没有变动，也就是说，油价冲击已经不是那么可怕。所以答案是A选项。
本文作者主要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。尤其是第三段和最后一段的第一句话，强调人们不必担心此次油价上涨，因为这一次的情况与“20世纪70年代” 不同。由此可见作者的态度是“乐观的”。 -
第16题：
共用题干
第三篇
Oil and Economy
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double一digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(in constant prices)rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.S%of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980.On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy一intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically in Europe if______.
A:price of crude rises
B:commodity prices rise
C:consumption rises
D:oil taxes rise答案：D解析：根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话“Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December"，说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量，使得油价上升。所以本题的答案是B选项。D选项不是该现象的主要原因，因为OPEC的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格的走势的主要原因。
根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话“In Europe , taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past"，意思是说“在欧洲，税占汽油的零售价的4/5，因此相比以往，原油的价格变化对汽油零售价的影响不会很明显”。也就是说，税的增加会导致汽油价格的猛涨，而原油价格的变化带来的影响不会很大。本题的一个理解难点是“muted effect "，另外一个是“pump price "。 " mute”表示“哑巴的，无声的，沉默的”，和“effect”连用，表示 “影响不明显”；而“pump price”是一个很形象的说法，" pump”指的是“泵”，这里很形象地用 " pump”指代“汽油零售”。根据上述分析，可以得出答案是D选项。
根据本题的关键词“《经济展望》的估计”可以定位到“The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0 .25％一 0.5% of GDP"，也就是说，油价的上涨对GDP的影响很小，只有“0.25%—0.5%”。因此我们可以得出答案为D选项。
本题的几个选项需要通篇理解。文章第三段指出“油价的经济影响不会那么严重”，作者指出其原因是原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高，发达国家对石油的依赖减弱，此次涨价的背景不一样了。文章最后一段说这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不同，对各国的影响也基本没有反映出来，连物价都基本没有变动，也就是说，油价冲击已经不是那么可怕。所以答案是A选项。
本文作者主要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。尤其是第三段和最后一段的第一句话，强调人们不必担心此次油价上涨，因为这一次的情况与“20世纪70年代” 不同。由此可见作者的态度是“乐观的”。 -
第17题：
共用题干
第三篇
Oil and Economy
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the l970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the l970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(inconstant prices)in rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with$13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25％～0.5%of GDP.That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy-intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago.In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if_______.
A:price of crude rises
B:commodity prices rise
C:consumption rises
D:oil taxes rise答案：D解析：根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话“Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost$26 a barrel,up from less than $10 last December"，说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量，使得油价上升，所以本题的答案是B选项。D选项不是该现象的主要原因，因为OPEC的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格走势的主要原因。
根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话“In Europe , taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past"，意思是说“在欧洲，税占汽油零售价的4/5，因此相比以往，原油的价格变化对汽油的影响不会很明显‘”。也就是说税的增加会导致汽油价格的猛涨，而原油价格的变化所带来的影响不会很大。本题一个理解的难度是muted effect，另外一个是 pump p rice0 mute表示“哑巴的、无声的、沉默的”，和effect连用表示“影响不明显”；而pump price是一个很形象的说法，pump指的是“泵”，这里很形象地用pump指代汽油。根据上述分析，可以得出答案是D选项。
根据本题的关键词The estimates in Economic Outlook可以定位到第四段 "The OECD estimates in its latest Economic outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25%～0.5% of GDP"。也就是说，油价的上涨对GDP的影响很小，只占0.25%～0.5%。因此我们可以得出答案是D选项。
通观全文，文章第三段指出“油价的经济影响不会那么严重”，作者指出其原因是“原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高，发达国家对石油的依赖减弱，此次涨价的背景不一样了”。文章最后一段说到这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不同，对各国的影响也基本没有反映出来，连物价都基本没有变动，也就是说，油价冲击已经不是那么可怕，所以答案是A选项。
本文作者主要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。尤其是第三段和最后一段的第一句话，强调人们不必担心此次油价上涨，因为这一次的情况与20世纪70年代不同。由此可见作者的态度是乐观的。 -
第18题：
共用题干
第三篇
Oil and Economy
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the l970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the l970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(inconstant prices)in rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with$13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25％～0.5%of GDP.That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy-intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago.In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries_______.
A:heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive
B:income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices
C:manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed
D:oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP答案：D解析：根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话“Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost$26 a barrel,up from less than $10 last December"，说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量，使得油价上升，所以本题的答案是B选项。D选项不是该现象的主要原因，因为OPEC的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格走势的主要原因。
根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话“In Europe , taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past"，意思是说“在欧洲，税占汽油零售价的4/5，因此相比以往，原油的价格变化对汽油的影响不会很明显‘”。也就是说税的增加会导致汽油价格的猛涨，而原油价格的变化所带来的影响不会很大。本题一个理解的难度是muted effect，另外一个是 pump p rice0 mute表示“哑巴的、无声的、沉默的”，和effect连用表示“影响不明显”；而pump price是一个很形象的说法，pump指的是“泵”，这里很形象地用pump指代汽油。根据上述分析，可以得出答案是D选项。
根据本题的关键词The estimates in Economic Outlook可以定位到第四段 "The OECD estimates in its latest Economic outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25%～0.5% of GDP"。也就是说，油价的上涨对GDP的影响很小，只占0.25%～0.5%。因此我们可以得出答案是D选项。
通观全文，文章第三段指出“油价的经济影响不会那么严重”，作者指出其原因是“原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高，发达国家对石油的依赖减弱，此次涨价的背景不一样了”。文章最后一段说到这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不同，对各国的影响也基本没有反映出来，连物价都基本没有变动，也就是说，油价冲击已经不是那么可怕，所以答案是A选项。
本文作者主要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。尤其是第三段和最后一段的第一句话，强调人们不必担心此次油价上涨，因为这一次的情况与20世纪70年代不同。由此可见作者的态度是乐观的。 -
第19题：
共用题干
第三篇
Oil and Economy
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the l970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the l970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(inconstant prices)in rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with$13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25％～0.5%of GDP.That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy-intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago.In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is_______.
A:global inflation
B:reduction in supply
C:fast growth in economy
D:Iraq's suspension of exports答案：B解析：根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话“Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost$26 a barrel,up from less than $10 last December"，说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量，使得油价上升，所以本题的答案是B选项。D选项不是该现象的主要原因，因为OPEC的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格走势的主要原因。
根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话“In Europe , taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past"，意思是说“在欧洲，税占汽油零售价的4/5，因此相比以往，原油的价格变化对汽油的影响不会很明显‘”。也就是说税的增加会导致汽油价格的猛涨，而原油价格的变化所带来的影响不会很大。本题一个理解的难度是muted effect，另外一个是 pump p rice0 mute表示“哑巴的、无声的、沉默的”，和effect连用表示“影响不明显”；而pump price是一个很形象的说法，pump指的是“泵”，这里很形象地用pump指代汽油。根据上述分析，可以得出答案是D选项。
根据本题的关键词The estimates in Economic Outlook可以定位到第四段 "The OECD estimates in its latest Economic outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25%～0.5% of GDP"。也就是说，油价的上涨对GDP的影响很小，只占0.25%～0.5%。因此我们可以得出答案是D选项。
通观全文，文章第三段指出“油价的经济影响不会那么严重”，作者指出其原因是“原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高，发达国家对石油的依赖减弱，此次涨价的背景不一样了”。文章最后一段说到这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不同，对各国的影响也基本没有反映出来，连物价都基本没有变动，也就是说，油价冲击已经不是那么可怕，所以答案是A选项。
本文作者主要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。尤其是第三段和最后一段的第一句话，强调人们不必担心此次油价上涨，因为这一次的情况与20世纪70年代不同。由此可见作者的态度是乐观的。 -
第20题：
资料：Up to 80 per cent of the world’s middle classes will live in developing countries by 2030 thanks to surprising recent gains in poverty reduction, according to a United Nations report published on Thursday.
“Never in history have the living conditions and prospects of so many people changed so dramatically and so fast.” concludes the UN’s latest Development Report. “The world is witnessing an epochal ‘global rebalancing’.”
Underpinning the improvements in the human development index（HDI） was rapid growth in countries such as China, India and Brazil, with China and India having doubled per capita economic output in less than 20 years. But the study stressed that growth and improvements in HDI spread far beyond the four Bric countries of Brazil, Russia, India and China, and included at least 40 countries that had accompanied greater economic dynamism with effective poverty-reduction policies.
Afghanistan, Sierra Leone, Ethiopia, Rwanda and Angola were among 14 countries that have recorded gains in HDI of more than 2 per cent a year since 2000. Partly as a result, the report found that worldwide extreme income poverty has plunged from 43 per cent in 1990 to just 22 per cent in 2008, including more than 500m being lifted out of poverty in China alone. The report stated that such gains had already helped the world achieve the main poverty eradication goal of the so-called Millennium Development Goals, which called for the share of people living on less than $1.25 a day to be cut by half from 1990 to 2015.
Underpinning this poverty reduction was developing countries’ increasing share of global trade, which grew from 25 per cent to 47 per cent between 1980 and 2010. “The south as a whole is driving global economic growth and societal change for the first time in centuries,” says the report.
The report found that trade among developing countries was the biggest factor in that expansion, increasing from less than 10 per cent of total global trade to more than 30 per cent. “Trade between countries in the south will overtake that between developed nations,” the report said.
All of the following are factors for poverty reduction except ______.A.greater economic dynamism
B.aid from developed countries
C.changes of developing countries
D.trade among developing countries答案：B解析：本题考查的是细节理解。
【关键词】factors for poverty reduction；except
【主题句】第3自然段and included at least 40 countries that had accompanied greater economic dynamism with effective poverty-reduction policies.还有至少40个国家具有较高的经济活力，并出台了有效的扶贫政策。
第5自然段The south as a whole is driving global economic growth and societal change for the first time in centuries整个欠发达地区正在推动全球经济增长和社会改变，这在几个世纪以来还是首次。
第6自然段The report found that trade among developing countries was the biggest factor in that expansion,报告还发现，发展中国家之间的贸易是上述贸易增长的最大因素。
【解析】本题的问题是“下列各项皆为减少贫困的因素，除了______.”。A选项“较高的经济活力”，B选项“发达国家的援助”，C选项“发展中国家的改变”，D选项“发展中国家之间的贸易往来”。根据主题句1，选项A正确；根据主题句2，选项C正确；根据主题句3，选项D正确。文中并没有提到选项B的内容。 -
第21题：
A.price of crude rises
B.commodity prices rise
C.consumption rises
D.oil taxes rise答案：D解析：
-
第22题：
问答题Directions:In this section, there is one passage followed by 5 questions. Read the passage carefully, then answer the questions in a maximum of 10 words. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet. Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage. Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 1979-1980, when they also almost tripled. Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline. So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time? The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term. Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past. Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption. Software, consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production. For each dollar of GDP (in constant prices) rich economies now use nearly 50% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand, oil-importing emerging economies—to which heavy industry has shifted—have become more energy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed. One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand. A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline. The economist’s commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%, and in 1979 by almost 30%. Questions: 1．What is the main reason for the latest rise of oil price? 2．What are the results of the 1970s’ oil shock? 3．It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if ________. 4．According to the passage, reduction in oil consumption is due to ________, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries. 5．According to the passage, compared with those in the 1970s, oil-price shocks are ________ now.正确答案：
1.Reduction in supply. / Supply-cuts 依据文章第一段第二句话:“Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December”,可知答案为Reduction in supply或Supply-cuts。
2.Double-digit inflation and global economic decline 文章第一段第四句话提到“Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline”,其中both previous shocks指前文提到的1973年和1979到1980年间的oil shock,可知答案为Double-digit inflation and global economic decline。
3.oil taxes rise 文章第三段第三句话提到“In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past”,意为:在欧洲,汽油的零售价中税占到五分之四,因此税的增加会导致汽油价格(成比例地)猛涨,而原油价格的变化带来的影响不会很大。由此可知如果油税上调,汽油零售价格将急剧上涨。因此答案为oil taxes rise。
4.energy conservation 文章第四段第二句提到“Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption”,由此可知答案为energy conservation。
5.less shocking 文章最后一段强调这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的油价上涨不同,它并不是在普遍日用品价格上涨和全球需求过剩的背景下发生的,也就没有70年代那一次那么可怕,因此答案为less shocking。解析： 暂无解析 -
第23题：
单选题Proper operation of the main engine reduction gear set requires the operation to monitor （）Athe sump oil level
Boil flow sight glasses
Cbearing temperatures
Dall of the above
正确答案： B解析： 暂无解析 -
第24题：
单选题We can draw a conclusion from the text that ______.Aoil-price shocks are less shocking now
Binflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks
Cenergy conservation can keep down the oil prices
Dthe price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry
正确答案： C解析：
综合理解题。文章的主要内容着重于与20世纪70年代相比，现今的石油价格波动情况及其影响。从第三段开头阐明：“there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s”，说明现今的情况没有70年代那么严重，也就是说现今的石油价格波动不会像以前那样对经济带来如此重大的影响。第四段开头进一步阐述到“Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price”，即石油价格波动已经没有以前那么激烈了。