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单选题According to Paragraph 3, having a job ______.A means earning a low wage.B has never provided a way out of poverty.C does not mean that the children will become rich.D may not be a guarantee for a poor family to become better off.
题目
单选题
According to Paragraph 3, having a job ______.
A
means earning a low wage.
B
has never provided a way out of poverty.
C
does not mean that the children will become rich.
D
may not be a guarantee for a poor family to become better off.
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更多“单选题According to Paragraph 3, having a job ______.A means earning a low wage.B has never provided a way out of poverty.C does not mean that the children will become rich.D may not be a guarantee for a poor family to become better off.”相关问题
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第1题：
By citing the fact that "the number had shrunk to 39 out of 220" ( Line 3-4, Para.2), the author sug- gests that _______.（ ）
[A] the poverty in the middle-income countries is alleviated tremendously
[B] the life of children in the middle-income countries has become better
[C] poor people's living conditions don't change although the number reduced
[D] the financial aid to the world's poorest countries achieves great success
正确答案：C
作者引用“220个国家中，低收入国家的数目降到了39个”这一事实是为了表明____。
[A]中等收入国家的贫困状况得到了极大缓解
[B]中等收入国家的儿童生活有了改善
[C]尽管低收入国家的数目降低了，但是贫困人口的生活状况没有改变
[D]对世界上最贫困国家的经济援助取得了很大的成功
答案解析：[C]推理判断题。文章第二段作者引用了世界银行的分类数据，通过数字可以看出低收入国家在不断减少，但在下文当中，作者又通过新的数据信息，向读者阐明，尽管这些国家成为了中等收入国家，但是“中等收入国家所占的全球穷人比例增加了2倍”，也就是说贫穷问题并没有在根本上得到解决，而是愈演愈烈，因此可以判断[A]错误，[C]表述正确；在第二段末尾，作者提出“世界上70%的营养不良儿童生长在中等收入国家”，因此[B]错误；[D]也与文章内容不符，排除。 -
第2题：
__________ children believe they can succeed, they will never become totally independent.A.If
B.Though
C.Unless
D.When答案：C解析：根据句意，除非孩子们相信他们能够成功，否则他们永远都不会完全独立。Unless意为“除非，如果不”，符合句意，故可知选C。 -
第3题：
共用题干
第二篇
In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.According to this passage,Italy today is an example of an__________.
A:agricultural country with a high birth rate
B:agricultural country with a low birth rate
C:industrialized country with a low birth rate
D:industrialized country with a high birth rate答案：C解析：根据文章第二段我们知道“在传统的农业经济中，家庭成员多是十分有利的。孩子多就意味着田里的劳动力多，而且有人给父母养老”。因此选项A是正确的。
文章第二段以意大利为例证明了国家工业化以后，人口出生率就会降低的观点。因此只有选项B是正确的。
文章第二段的叙述说明如今的意大利是一个工业化、低出生率的国家。因此选项C是正确的。
文章第三段第一句话告诉我们经济并不是唯一影响出生率的重要因素，这暗示了接下来会讲一些其他影响出生率的因素。文章以沙特阿拉伯为例就是为了证明这一点。因此选项B是正确的。
文章第四段后半部分讲到这些国家的政府采取措施为妇女提供更多的教育和机会来改善妇女的生活状况。因此选项D是正确的。 -
第4题：
资料： The poverty line is the minimum income that people need for an acceptable standard of living. People with incomes below the poverty line are considered poor. Economists study the causes of poverty in order to find solutions to the problem.
As the general standard of living in the country rises, the poverty line does, too. Therefore, even with today’s relatively high standard of living, about 10 percent of the people in the United States are below the poverty line. However, if these people had stable jobs, they could have an acceptable standard of living. Economists suggest several reasons why poor people do not have jobs.
For one thing, more than half of the poor people in the United States are not qualified to work. Over 40 percent of the poor. People are children. By law, children less than 16 years old cannot work in many industries. A large number of poor people are Old. Many companies do not hire people over 65 years old, the normal retirement age.
Some poor adults do not look for jobs for a variety of personal reasons: they are sick, they do not have any motivation, they have family problems, or they do not believe that they can find a job.
Other poor people look for a job but cannot find one. Many poor adults never went to high school. Therefore, when they look for jobs, they have few skills that they can offer.
At the present time, the government thinks it can reduce poverty in the country in the following ways. First, if the national economy grows, businesses and industries hire more workers. Some of the poor who are qualified to look for jobs may find employment. Then they will no longer be below the poverty line. Second, if society invests in the poor, the poor will become more productive. If the government spends money on social programs, education, and training for poor people, the poor will have the skills to offer. Then it is more likely that they can find jobs.
Finally, if the government distributes society's income differently, it raises some poor people above the poverty line. The government collects taxes from the non－poor and gives money to the poor. These payments to the poor are called welfare. In 1975 over 18 million people in the United States received welfare.
Some economists are looking for better solutions to the poverty problem. However, at the present time, many people depend on welfare for a minimally acceptable standard of living.
We may conclude from the passage that _______A.poor people are bound to go out of the poverty line if they have chances to do business
B.welfare will enable people to be rich
C.employment is the best solution to the poverty problem
D.better solutions to the poverty problem are not found yet答案：D解析：本题考查的是判断推理。
【关键词】conclude; from the passage
【主题句】第二段Therefore, even with today's relatively high standard of living, about 10 percent of the people in the United States are below
the poverty line. However, if these people had stable jobs, they could have an acceptable standard of living.（因此，即使今天有相对较高的生活水平，大约有百分之十的美国人处于贫困线以下。然而，如果他们有稳定的工作，就会满意自己的生活水平。）；倒数第二段The government collects taxes from the non－poor and gives money to the poor. These payments to the poor are called welfare.（政府从非贫困人口中征税，把钱分给穷人。我们把这些给穷人的费用称为福利。）；最后一段Some economists are looking for better solutions to the poverty problem. However, at the present time, many people depend on welfare for a minimally acceptable standard of living.（一些经济学家寻找更好解决贫困问题的方法。然而目前，许多人依靠福利勉强糊口。）
【解析】第5题问“我们可以从文章推断出什么？”。A选项“如果穷人有机会做生意，他们就会走出贫困线。”文章第三段第三句话说“如果穷人有稳定的工作，他们就会满意自己的生活水平，”这里并没有说他们要去做生意，属于过度推测，所以A选项排除；B选项“福利会使人们富裕”。文章在倒数第二段涉及到福利（welfare），但并未说给福利会让人变有钱，也属于过度推测，故排除；C选项“就业是解决贫困的最佳方法”。文章在最后一段第一句提到“一些经济学家寻找更好解决贫困问题的方法”，换言之，目前没有最好解决贫困的方法；D选项“人们尚未发现更好解决贫困的方法”，最后一段第一句说经济学家仍然在寻找解决问题的方法，言外之意目前并未出现解决贫困的最佳方法，所以D选项和原文信息一致。 -
第5题：
共用题干
Why So Many Children
In many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate—from 3 .0 to 7.0 chil-dren per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families .Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of their fami-lies?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic .In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate .This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate .After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Ara-bia,for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This
would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia .There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the im-proved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and oppotunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so．In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India，as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families．
These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de-pend on better economic conditions.It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet their needs .Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success．According to this passage,in the early part of 20th century,Italy was an____.
A: agricultural country with a high birth rate
B: agricultural country with a low birth rate
C: industrialized country with a low birth rate
D:.industrialized country with a high birth rate答案：A解析：本题的问题是：在传统的农业经济中，大的家庭的影响是什么？从文中第二段第二句和第三句话可以得出明确的答案。“ In a traditional agricultural economy , large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.”所以答案为A，是优势。
本题的问题是：当国家工业化后，人口和出生率的状况是什么？从第二段意大利的例子可以明确得出答案。“In the early part of the twentieth century , Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.”由此可见出生率降低。
本题的问题是：本文举出意大利的例子要说明什么？从第二段意大利的前后对比的情况可以看出正确答案为A。
本题的问题是：文中提到沙特阿拉伯的例子说明了什么？ 由第三段开头可知“However , the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.”下面将要介绍其他的因素，之后以沙特阿拉伯为例。故正确答案为B。经济以外影响出生率的因素。
本题的问题是：墨西哥、泰国、印度尼西亚的政府采取了怎样的措施？从文中第四段后半部分“On the other hand , the improved condition of women in Mexico , Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.”可以得出结论。另一方面从第四段开头也可以得出结论。“ The most important of these is the condition of women.”之后举出这几个国家的例子，从而也可以得出结论。 -
第6题：
单选题A tropical cyclone has recurved and entered temperate latitudes. In the Northern Hemisphere when a large high pressure system lies north of the storm，what situation may occur?（）AThe low may suddenly deepen，and the cyclone intensify and pick up speed
BThe left semicircle may become the dangerous semicircle
CThe low and the high may merge and cancel out the weather characteristics of each
DThe high may force the cyclone to reverse its track
正确答案： C解析： 暂无解析 -
第7题：
单选题The sentence “Our planet has shrunk” underlined in Paragraph 1 means that __________.Athe earth has become physically smaller
Bthe more advanced ways of traveling has made the distance between countries shorter
Cthe traditional concept of our planet has become out-of-date
Dmodern means of communication has made it much easier for people to communicate with each other from different parts of the world
正确答案： C解析：
语义题。前一句指出“新科技以前所未有的形式将这个世界连接起来”。后一句又接着进行解释说“现在的世界变成了一个‘地球村’，因为电话、传真或卫星的连结，各国之间的联系在数秒之内便可完成”。由此可知划线部分“我们的星球‘缩小’了”指的是“现代通讯方式使得世界各地的人们之间的交流更方便了”。 -
第8题：
单选题Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?AThe women having children show a rise in cold infections than those without children.
BPeople with low income will surely more colds than people with high income.
CJuniors are easier to have colds than seniors.
DIt has not been proved scientifically that poor nutrition affects susceptibility to colds.
正确答案： D解析：
是非题。第三段主要描述低收入的人比高收入的人易患感冒，原因可能是住宿条件不好和营养跟不上，但选项B（低收入者肯定比高收入者更经常患感冒）说法过于绝对，因此不符合文意。 -
第9题：
单选题What does “You begin to worry that fights of fancy might become one way” mean?AYou begin to worry that you’ll never be a useful member of the society again.
BYou begin to worry that you’ll never be able to find a job again.
CYou begin to worry that you’ll never be able to face the reality.
DYou begin to worry that you’ll never be able to see your relatives again.
正确答案： C解析：
You begin to worry that fights of fancy might become one way意思是“整日的胡思乱想会使你因此陷入不能自拔的境地”。换句话说，你将陷入不能面对现实的困境。C是正确选择。A“你会担心将永远不能再成为社会有用的一员”，B“你会担心将永远找不到工作”，和D“你将担心永远不能见到你的亲人”都与文章不相符。 -
第10题：
单选题Passage1 In many of the developing countries in Africaand Asia, the population is growing fast. The reason for this is simple: Womenin these countries have a high birth rate - from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor, without the food or resources to care fortheir families. Why do they have so many children? Why don't they limit thesize of their families? The answer may be that they often have no choice. Thereare several reasons for this. Onereason is economiIn atraditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having morechildren means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care ofthe parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different.Many children, do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the casein Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the earlypart of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural countrywith a high birth rate. After World WarⅡ, Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrializeBy theend of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1. 3 children per woman, theworld's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate. SaudiArabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has oneof the highest per capita incomes in the worlNevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate. Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recentlyreduced their population growth. Clearly,other factors are involveThemost important of these is the condition of women. A high birth rate almostalways goes together with lack of education and low status for women. Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia. There, the traditionalculture gives women little education or independence and few possibilitiesoutside the home. On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education andopportunities for women. Anotherkey factor in the birth rate is birth control. Women may want to limit theirfamilies but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have madebirth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been providedwith health care and help in planning their families. Thesetrends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not haveto depend on better economic conditions.3 It can be effective if it aims tohelp women and meet their needs. Only then, in fact, does it have any realchance of success. (495 words) According to this passage, Italy today is an example of an _______.Aagricultural country with a high birth rate
Bagricultural country with a low birth rate
Cindustrialized country with a low birth rate
Dindustrialized country with a high birth rate
正确答案： B解析： -
第11题：
单选题Passage1 In many of the developing countries in Africaand Asia, the population is growing fast. The reason for this is simple: Womenin these countries have a high birth rate - from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor, without the food or resources to care fortheir families. Why do they have so many children? Why don't they limit thesize of their families? The answer may be that they often have no choice. Thereare several reasons for this. Onereason is economiIn atraditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having morechildren means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care ofthe parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different.Many children, do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the casein Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the earlypart of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural countrywith a high birth rate. After World WarⅡ, Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrializeBy theend of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1. 3 children per woman, theworld's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate. SaudiArabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has oneof the highest per capita incomes in the worlNevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate. Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recentlyreduced their population growth. Clearly,other factors are involveThemost important of these is the condition of women. A high birth rate almostalways goes together with lack of education and low status for women. Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia. There, the traditionalculture gives women little education or independence and few possibilitiesoutside the home. On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education andopportunities for women. Anotherkey factor in the birth rate is birth control. Women may want to limit theirfamilies but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have madebirth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been providedwith health care and help in planning their families. Thesetrends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not haveto depend on better economic conditions.3 It can be effective if it aims tohelp women and meet their needs. Only then, in fact, does it have any realchance of success. (495 words) When countries become industrialized, _______.Afamilies often become larger
Bthe birth rate generally goes down
Cwomen usually decide not have a family
Dthe population generally grows rapidly
正确答案： A解析： -
第12题：
问答题What does the ‘unwanted’ deep sea life mean in Paragraph 2 according to the passage?正确答案： They have no economic value.解析：
词义理解题。像乌贼、海胆、海星等一些海洋生物由于没有经济价值因此它们不是渔民捕捞的对象，是渔民不需要的东西，所以正确答案是“They have no economic value”。 -
第13题：
What does the phrase“clam up”in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A． become excited
B． show respect
C． refuse to talk
D． seek help
正确答案：C
-
第14题：
共用题干
第二篇
In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.In a traditional agricultural economy,a large family_________.
A:can be an advantage
B:may limit income
C:isn't necessary
D:is expensive答案：A解析：根据文章第二段我们知道“在传统的农业经济中，家庭成员多是十分有利的。孩子多就意味着田里的劳动力多，而且有人给父母养老”。因此选项A是正确的。
文章第二段以意大利为例证明了国家工业化以后，人口出生率就会降低的观点。因此只有选项B是正确的。
文章第二段的叙述说明如今的意大利是一个工业化、低出生率的国家。因此选项C是正确的。
文章第三段第一句话告诉我们经济并不是唯一影响出生率的重要因素，这暗示了接下来会讲一些其他影响出生率的因素。文章以沙特阿拉伯为例就是为了证明这一点。因此选项B是正确的。
文章第四段后半部分讲到这些国家的政府采取措施为妇女提供更多的教育和机会来改善妇女的生活状况。因此选项D是正确的。 -
第15题：
共用题干
第二篇
In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.When countries become industrialized,________.
A:families often become larger
B:the birth rate generally goes down
C:women usually decide not to have a family
D:the population generally grows rapidly答案：B解析：根据文章第二段我们知道“在传统的农业经济中，家庭成员多是十分有利的。孩子多就意味着田里的劳动力多，而且有人给父母养老”。因此选项A是正确的。
文章第二段以意大利为例证明了国家工业化以后，人口出生率就会降低的观点。因此只有选项B是正确的。
文章第二段的叙述说明如今的意大利是一个工业化、低出生率的国家。因此选项C是正确的。
文章第三段第一句话告诉我们经济并不是唯一影响出生率的重要因素，这暗示了接下来会讲一些其他影响出生率的因素。文章以沙特阿拉伯为例就是为了证明这一点。因此选项B是正确的。
文章第四段后半部分讲到这些国家的政府采取措施为妇女提供更多的教育和机会来改善妇女的生活状况。因此选项D是正确的。 -
第16题：
共用题干
第一篇
Why So Many Children
In many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for
this is simple.Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The
majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so
many children?Why don't they limit the size of their families?There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more
children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an
industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an ex-
pense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was
industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely
agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War II,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and
industrialized. By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia,for exam-
pie,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the
world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are
poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth
rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high
birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few
possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and
indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to
provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no
way to do so.In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth
rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,
Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning
their families.These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de-
pend on better economic conditions.When countries become industrialized,_________.
A:the birth rate generally goes down
B:families often become larger
C:women usually decide not to have a family
D:the population generally grows rapidly答案：A解析：由文章第二段第二、三句话“In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are help-ful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of theparents in old age.”可知，在传统的农业经济中，家庭成员多是一种优势。故选B。
由文章第二段第六句话“Thus , industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.”可知，当一个国家工业化后，其人口出生率就降低了。故选A。
由文章第二段的内容可知，意大利工业化后，其人口出生率就降低了，是低人口出生率的工业化国家的一个例子。故选C。
文章第三段的第一句提到“However, the economy is not the only important factor thatinfluences birth rate."，下面以沙特阿拉伯为例介绍了除经济以外影响出生率的因素。故选D。
由文章第四段后半部分“On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico, Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.”可知，墨西哥、泰国和 印度尼西亚的政府都已采取措施改善女性的境况。 -
第17题：
共用题干
Why So Many Children
In many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate—from 3 .0 to 7.0 chil-dren per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families .Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of their fami-lies?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic .In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate .This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate .After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Ara-bia,for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This
would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia .There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the im-proved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and oppotunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so．In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India，as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families．
These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de-pend on better economic conditions.It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet their needs .Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success．When countries become industrialized____.
A: families often become larger
B: the birth rate generally goes down
C:.women usually decide not have a family
D:.the population generally grows rapidly答案：B解析：本题的问题是：在传统的农业经济中，大的家庭的影响是什么？从文中第二段第二句和第三句话可以得出明确的答案。“ In a traditional agricultural economy , large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.”所以答案为A，是优势。
本题的问题是：当国家工业化后，人口和出生率的状况是什么？从第二段意大利的例子可以明确得出答案。“In the early part of the twentieth century , Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.”由此可见出生率降低。
本题的问题是：本文举出意大利的例子要说明什么？从第二段意大利的前后对比的情况可以看出正确答案为A。
本题的问题是：文中提到沙特阿拉伯的例子说明了什么？ 由第三段开头可知“However , the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.”下面将要介绍其他的因素，之后以沙特阿拉伯为例。故正确答案为B。经济以外影响出生率的因素。
本题的问题是：墨西哥、泰国、印度尼西亚的政府采取了怎样的措施？从文中第四段后半部分“On the other hand , the improved condition of women in Mexico , Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.”可以得出结论。另一方面从第四段开头也可以得出结论。“ The most important of these is the condition of women.”之后举出这几个国家的例子，从而也可以得出结论。 -
第18题：
单选题The sentence “Our planet has shrunk” underlined in Paragraph 1 means that.Athe earth has become physically smaller
Bthe more advanced ways of traveling has made the distance between countries shorter
Cthe traditional concept of our planet has become out-of-date
Dmodern means of communication has made it much easier for people to communicate with each other from different parts of the world
正确答案： B解析：
语义题。前一句指出“新科技以前所未有的形式将这个世界连接起来”。后一句又接着进行解释说“现在的世界变成了一个‘地球村’，因为电话、传真或卫星的连结，各国之间的联系在数秒之内便可完成”。由此可知划线部分“我们的星球‘缩小’了”指的是“现代通讯方式使得世界各地的人们之间的交流更方便了”。 -
第19题：
单选题The sentence “But this has rarely been a one-way street.” in the last paragraph means that _____.Acontemporary art has been nourished by modern science
Bmodern science has been nourished by art
Cartists can become scientists and scientists can become artists
Dthe impacts of modern art and science are actually mutual
正确答案： B解析：
此题考查的是对句意的理解。这句话的意思是“但这几乎从来就不是单行道”。联系上下文可知，这句话是说明科学与艺术之间的影响是相互的，不是单方面的。D项的mutual一词意思是“相互的”，正确表达了句意，故选D。A项和B项的说法不全面。C项意思是艺术家可以成为科学家，科学家也可以成为艺术家，理解错误。 -
第20题：
单选题According to Paragraph 3, having a job ______.Ameans earning a low wage.
Bhas never provided a way out of poverty.
Cdoes not mean that the children will become rich.
Dmay not be a guarantee for a poor family to become better off.
正确答案： B解析：
细节理解题。由题干信息定位到第三段，A、D选项属于无中生有，该段第一句“Employment no longer provides an escape from poverty.”可知，就业不再能使人摆脱贫困，推测就业在以前可能可以使人摆脱贫，故B选项错误；该段第三句“More than seven million poor children have at least one working parent.”可知，700多万贫穷孩子的父母至少有一方有工作，父母有工作，但是孩子依然贫穷，所以父母有工作并不意味着孩子们会变得富有，故答案为C项。 -
第21题：
单选题What does the author mean by moms to be in the last paragraph?AWomen who are pregnant, especially for the first time.
BWomen who dream of having babies for the first time.
CWomen who already have children.
DWomen who have just got babies for the first time.
正确答案： A解析： -
第22题：
单选题What does the sentencethe penny's days may be numbered in the last paragraph probably mean?AThe penny may be out of use very soon.
BThe value of the penny may rise.
CThe penny has a special place in American history.
DThe penny is part of American culture.
正确答案： C解析： -
第23题：
单选题Which of the following is NOT true according to the article?AParents play an important part in their children’s growth.
BThe less you use your mind the duller you may become.
CIntelligence is obviously the result of where and how you live.
DParents should always encourage their children.
正确答案： C解析：
态度题。A选项“父母在孩子的成长过程中扮演一个重要的角色”正确；B选项“脑子用得越少，越容易变得迟钝”并没有在原文中提到；C选项“很显然，智力是一个人生活环境和生活方式的影响结果”，而根据原文，智力是先天和后天培养的综合结果，显然，C选项中的观点错误；D选项“父母应该时刻鼓励孩子”是作者在文中积极倡导的。 -
第24题：
单选题What do Americans think the relationship between their children and the future of the America is?ATheir future rests on how their children become.
BTheir children can’t shape their future because they can’t affect their children’s development through education.
CIf the children turn out to be useless, they won’t have any better future than the Soviet Union.
DThe changes in education aim to make the American children better prepared for the new world order.
正确答案： D解析：
最后一段：对美国孩子来说，教育上的所有这些改变意味着什么？一方面，他们表明了美国人的根本信念：我们的希望就在孩子们的身上，孩子们将塑造着我们的未来；另一方面，是通过教育这种根本的方法来影响孩子的发展。因此A项“美国的未来在孩子的身上”符合文章大意。故选A。B意为“因为美国人没有办法通过教育来影响孩子们，所以这些孩子们无法塑造国家的未来”。C意为“如果美国孩子们长大了一无是处，美国的未来赶不上苏联”，文章在此处没有写美苏的对比。D意为“教育上的所有改变都是为了使美国孩子们为世界新秩序做更好的准备”，文章没有提到这一点。