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单选题We can draw a conclusion from the text that ______.A oil-price shocks are less shocking nowB inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocksC energy conservation can keep down the oil pricesD the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy indus
题目
单选题
We can draw a conclusion from the text that ______.
A
oil-price shocks are less shocking now
B
inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks
C
energy conservation can keep down the oil prices
D
the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry
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更多“单选题We can draw a conclusion from the text that ______.A oil-price shocks are less shocking nowB inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocksC energy conservation can keep down the oil pricesD the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy indus”相关问题
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第1题：
We can draw a conclusion from the text that______.
A) oil-price shocks are less shocking now
B) inflation seems irrelevant to oil -price shocks
C) energy conservation can keep down the oil prices
D) the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry
正确答案：A
答案：A
[试题分析]文章主旨题。
[详细解答]题干要求考生识别文章的中心思想，即“我们能从文章中得出什么结论”。文章一开始提出最近石油价格大幅上涨，会不会像前两次油价暴涨一样造成经济衰退。但接下来它又说这次油价上涨的影响不会像以前那样严重，并说出了几点原因：(1)原油价格只占汽油价格的一小部分，(2)发达国家对石油的依赖性不如从前，(3)并没有同时发生商品总价格上涨和全球需求旺盛的现象。因此，文章的中心思想是A选项“oil-price shocks are less shocking now”(现在的油价暴涨并不可怕)。B选项“iafla tion seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks”(通货膨胀与油价暴涨无关)，C选项"energy conservation can keep down the oil prices"(能源储备能够压抑油价)和D选项“the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry”(原油价格上涨导致重工业的萎缩)都不是全文重点讨论的内容。
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第2题：
Text 3 Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 1979-80, when they also almost tripled. Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline. So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption. Software, consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production. For each dollar of GDP (in constant prices) rich economies now use nearly 50% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand, oil-importing emerging economies--to which heavy industry has shifted-have become more energy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand. A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline. The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%, and in 1979 by almost 30%.
第51题：The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is
A global inflation.
B reduction in supply.
C fast growth in economy.
D Iraq's suspension of exports.
正确答案：B
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第3题：
The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries
A heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive.
B income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices.
C manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed.
D oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP.
正确答案：D
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第4题：
共用题干
第三篇
Oil and Economy
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double一digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(in constant prices)rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.S%of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980.On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy一intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries______.
A:heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive
B:income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices
C:manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed
D:oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP答案：D解析：根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话“Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December"，说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量，使得油价上升。所以本题的答案是B选项。D选项不是该现象的主要原因，因为OPEC的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格的走势的主要原因。
根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话“In Europe , taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past"，意思是说“在欧洲，税占汽油的零售价的4/5，因此相比以往，原油的价格变化对汽油零售价的影响不会很明显”。也就是说，税的增加会导致汽油价格的猛涨，而原油价格的变化带来的影响不会很大。本题的一个理解难点是“muted effect "，另外一个是“pump price "。 " mute”表示“哑巴的，无声的，沉默的”，和“effect”连用，表示 “影响不明显”；而“pump price”是一个很形象的说法，" pump”指的是“泵”，这里很形象地用 " pump”指代“汽油零售”。根据上述分析，可以得出答案是D选项。
根据本题的关键词“《经济展望》的估计”可以定位到“The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0 .25％一 0.5% of GDP"，也就是说，油价的上涨对GDP的影响很小，只有“0.25%—0.5%”。因此我们可以得出答案为D选项。
本题的几个选项需要通篇理解。文章第三段指出“油价的经济影响不会那么严重”，作者指出其原因是原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高，发达国家对石油的依赖减弱，此次涨价的背景不一样了。文章最后一段说这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不同，对各国的影响也基本没有反映出来，连物价都基本没有变动，也就是说，油价冲击已经不是那么可怕。所以答案是A选项。
本文作者主要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。尤其是第三段和最后一段的第一句话，强调人们不必担心此次油价上涨，因为这一次的情况与“20世纪70年代” 不同。由此可见作者的态度是“乐观的”。 -
第5题：
共用题干
第三篇
Oil and Economy
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double一digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(in constant prices)rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.S%of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980.On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy一intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is______.
A:global inflation
B:reduction in supply
C:fast growth in economy
D:Iraq's suspension of exports答案：B解析：根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话“Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December"，说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量，使得油价上升。所以本题的答案是B选项。D选项不是该现象的主要原因，因为OPEC的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格的走势的主要原因。
根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话“In Europe , taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past"，意思是说“在欧洲，税占汽油的零售价的4/5，因此相比以往，原油的价格变化对汽油零售价的影响不会很明显”。也就是说，税的增加会导致汽油价格的猛涨，而原油价格的变化带来的影响不会很大。本题的一个理解难点是“muted effect "，另外一个是“pump price "。 " mute”表示“哑巴的，无声的，沉默的”，和“effect”连用，表示 “影响不明显”；而“pump price”是一个很形象的说法，" pump”指的是“泵”，这里很形象地用 " pump”指代“汽油零售”。根据上述分析，可以得出答案是D选项。
根据本题的关键词“《经济展望》的估计”可以定位到“The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0 .25％一 0.5% of GDP"，也就是说，油价的上涨对GDP的影响很小，只有“0.25%—0.5%”。因此我们可以得出答案为D选项。
本题的几个选项需要通篇理解。文章第三段指出“油价的经济影响不会那么严重”，作者指出其原因是原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高，发达国家对石油的依赖减弱，此次涨价的背景不一样了。文章最后一段说这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不同，对各国的影响也基本没有反映出来，连物价都基本没有变动，也就是说，油价冲击已经不是那么可怕。所以答案是A选项。
本文作者主要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。尤其是第三段和最后一段的第一句话，强调人们不必担心此次油价上涨，因为这一次的情况与“20世纪70年代” 不同。由此可见作者的态度是“乐观的”。 -
第6题：
共用题干
第三篇
Oil and Economy
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double一digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(in constant prices)rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.S%of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980.On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy一intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically in Europe if______.
A:price of crude rises
B:commodity prices rise
C:consumption rises
D:oil taxes rise答案：D解析：根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话“Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December"，说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量，使得油价上升。所以本题的答案是B选项。D选项不是该现象的主要原因，因为OPEC的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格的走势的主要原因。
根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话“In Europe , taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past"，意思是说“在欧洲，税占汽油的零售价的4/5，因此相比以往，原油的价格变化对汽油零售价的影响不会很明显”。也就是说，税的增加会导致汽油价格的猛涨，而原油价格的变化带来的影响不会很大。本题的一个理解难点是“muted effect "，另外一个是“pump price "。 " mute”表示“哑巴的，无声的，沉默的”，和“effect”连用，表示 “影响不明显”；而“pump price”是一个很形象的说法，" pump”指的是“泵”，这里很形象地用 " pump”指代“汽油零售”。根据上述分析，可以得出答案是D选项。
根据本题的关键词“《经济展望》的估计”可以定位到“The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0 .25％一 0.5% of GDP"，也就是说，油价的上涨对GDP的影响很小，只有“0.25%—0.5%”。因此我们可以得出答案为D选项。
本题的几个选项需要通篇理解。文章第三段指出“油价的经济影响不会那么严重”，作者指出其原因是原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高，发达国家对石油的依赖减弱，此次涨价的背景不一样了。文章最后一段说这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不同，对各国的影响也基本没有反映出来，连物价都基本没有变动，也就是说，油价冲击已经不是那么可怕。所以答案是A选项。
本文作者主要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。尤其是第三段和最后一段的第一句话，强调人们不必担心此次油价上涨，因为这一次的情况与“20世纪70年代” 不同。由此可见作者的态度是“乐观的”。 -
第7题：
共用题干
第三篇
Oil and Economy
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the l970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the l970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(inconstant prices)in rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with$13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25％～0.5%of GDP.That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy-intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago.In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.We can draw a conclusion from the text that_______.
A:oil-price shocks are less shocking now
B:inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks
C:energy conservation can keep down the oil prices
D:the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry答案：A解析：根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话“Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost$26 a barrel,up from less than $10 last December"，说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量，使得油价上升，所以本题的答案是B选项。D选项不是该现象的主要原因，因为OPEC的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格走势的主要原因。
根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话“In Europe , taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past"，意思是说“在欧洲，税占汽油零售价的4/5，因此相比以往，原油的价格变化对汽油的影响不会很明显‘”。也就是说税的增加会导致汽油价格的猛涨，而原油价格的变化所带来的影响不会很大。本题一个理解的难度是muted effect，另外一个是 pump p rice0 mute表示“哑巴的、无声的、沉默的”，和effect连用表示“影响不明显”；而pump price是一个很形象的说法，pump指的是“泵”，这里很形象地用pump指代汽油。根据上述分析，可以得出答案是D选项。
根据本题的关键词The estimates in Economic Outlook可以定位到第四段 "The OECD estimates in its latest Economic outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25%～0.5% of GDP"。也就是说，油价的上涨对GDP的影响很小，只占0.25%～0.5%。因此我们可以得出答案是D选项。
通观全文，文章第三段指出“油价的经济影响不会那么严重”，作者指出其原因是“原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高，发达国家对石油的依赖减弱，此次涨价的背景不一样了”。文章最后一段说到这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不同，对各国的影响也基本没有反映出来，连物价都基本没有变动，也就是说，油价冲击已经不是那么可怕，所以答案是A选项。
本文作者主要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。尤其是第三段和最后一段的第一句话，强调人们不必担心此次油价上涨，因为这一次的情况与20世纪70年代不同。由此可见作者的态度是乐观的。 -
第8题：
共用题干
第三篇
Oil and Economy
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the l970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the l970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(inconstant prices)in rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with$13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25％～0.5%of GDP.That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy-intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago.In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.From the text we can see that the writer seems_______.
A:optimistic
B:sensitive
C:gloomy
D:scared答案：A解析：根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话“Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost$26 a barrel,up from less than $10 last December"，说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量，使得油价上升，所以本题的答案是B选项。D选项不是该现象的主要原因，因为OPEC的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格走势的主要原因。
根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话“In Europe , taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past"，意思是说“在欧洲，税占汽油零售价的4/5，因此相比以往，原油的价格变化对汽油的影响不会很明显‘”。也就是说税的增加会导致汽油价格的猛涨，而原油价格的变化所带来的影响不会很大。本题一个理解的难度是muted effect，另外一个是 pump p rice0 mute表示“哑巴的、无声的、沉默的”，和effect连用表示“影响不明显”；而pump price是一个很形象的说法，pump指的是“泵”，这里很形象地用pump指代汽油。根据上述分析，可以得出答案是D选项。
根据本题的关键词The estimates in Economic Outlook可以定位到第四段 "The OECD estimates in its latest Economic outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25%～0.5% of GDP"。也就是说，油价的上涨对GDP的影响很小，只占0.25%～0.5%。因此我们可以得出答案是D选项。
通观全文，文章第三段指出“油价的经济影响不会那么严重”，作者指出其原因是“原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高，发达国家对石油的依赖减弱，此次涨价的背景不一样了”。文章最后一段说到这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不同，对各国的影响也基本没有反映出来，连物价都基本没有变动，也就是说，油价冲击已经不是那么可怕，所以答案是A选项。
本文作者主要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。尤其是第三段和最后一段的第一句话，强调人们不必担心此次油价上涨，因为这一次的情况与20世纪70年代不同。由此可见作者的态度是乐观的。 -
第9题：
A.price of crude rises
B.commodity prices rise
C.consumption rises
D.oil taxes rise答案：D解析：
-
第10题：
单选题The energy for pushing this piston up can be supplied from （）, so that the piston can keep moving up and down.Athe same piston
Bthe piston nearby
Cthe other pistons
Dthe generators on board
正确答案： A解析： 暂无解析 -
第11题：
填空题What conclusion can we draw about working at home from the passage?Working at home is getting popular but most people need to meet their colleagues ____.正确答案： face to face.解析：
主旨题。由录音中的最后一句话可知，实际上，人们不能只在家工作而不面对面地接触同事。所以此处应填face to face。
【录音原文】
With the increasing use of the Internet, it is becoming more and more common for people to work at home. There appear to be many advantages to this. First, it saves time and money normally spent on traveling. It also reduces pollution. In addition, you have the opportunity to choose when and how you work. It’s not necessary that everyone stick to a nine-to-five working day. You can be your own boss. However, there just isn’t enough human interaction if you only work at home. Real communication seems to be absent. Perhaps younger people don’t have this problem as they can use online communication techniques. But employees who work at home seem to spend too much time online trying to find people to meet face to face. In fact, most people are not able to work just at home without meeting their colleagues face to face sometimes.
Q 11: why are more and more people able to work at home?
Q 12: What are the advantages of working at home?
Q 13: What is another advantage of working at home?
Q 14: What is the problem with working at home only?
Q 15: What conclusion can we draw about working at home from the passage? -
第12题：
单选题We can draw a conclusion from the text that ______.Aoil-price shocks are less shocking now
Binflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks
Cenergy conservation can keep down the oil prices
Dthe price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry
正确答案： C解析：
综合理解题。文章的主要内容着重于与20世纪70年代相比，现今的石油价格波动情况及其影响。从第三段开头阐明：“there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s”，说明现今的情况没有70年代那么严重，也就是说现今的石油价格波动不会像以前那样对经济带来如此重大的影响。第四段开头进一步阐述到“Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price”，即石油价格波动已经没有以前那么激烈了。 -
第13题：
From the text we can see that the writer seems______.
A) optimistic
B) sensitive
C) gloomy
D) scared
正确答案：A
答案：A
[试题分析]作者态度题。
[详细解答]题干要求考生判断作者对“油价上涨”这个现象所持的态度。作者大篇幅地给出理由说明这次油价上涨的后果不会很严重。文章第一段谈到，“有充足的理由相信这次油价上涨在经济上造成的后果不会像70年代那样严重”，最后一段又谈到，“大可不必因为油价上涨而失眠”。可见A选项"optimistic”(乐观)是作者的真正态度。 B选项"sensitive"(敏感)、C选项"gloomy"(悲伤)和D选项"seared"(害怕)都不正确。
-
第14题：
It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if
A price of crude rises.
B commodity prices rise.
C consumption rises.
D oil taxes rise.
正确答案：D
-
第15题：
We can draw a conclusion from the text that
A oil-price shocks are less shocking now.
B inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks.
C energy conservation can keep down the oil prices.
D the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry.
正确答案：A
-
第16题：
共用题干
第三篇
Oil and Economy
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double一digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(in constant prices)rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.S%of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980.On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy一intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.We can draw a conclusion from the text that______.
A:oil-price shocks are less shocking now
B:inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks
C:energy conservation can keep down the oil prices
D:the price rise of crude oil leads to the shrinking of heavy industry答案：A解析：根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话“Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December"，说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量，使得油价上升。所以本题的答案是B选项。D选项不是该现象的主要原因，因为OPEC的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格的走势的主要原因。
根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话“In Europe , taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past"，意思是说“在欧洲，税占汽油的零售价的4/5，因此相比以往，原油的价格变化对汽油零售价的影响不会很明显”。也就是说，税的增加会导致汽油价格的猛涨，而原油价格的变化带来的影响不会很大。本题的一个理解难点是“muted effect "，另外一个是“pump price "。 " mute”表示“哑巴的，无声的，沉默的”，和“effect”连用，表示 “影响不明显”；而“pump price”是一个很形象的说法，" pump”指的是“泵”，这里很形象地用 " pump”指代“汽油零售”。根据上述分析，可以得出答案是D选项。
根据本题的关键词“《经济展望》的估计”可以定位到“The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0 .25％一 0.5% of GDP"，也就是说，油价的上涨对GDP的影响很小，只有“0.25%—0.5%”。因此我们可以得出答案为D选项。
本题的几个选项需要通篇理解。文章第三段指出“油价的经济影响不会那么严重”，作者指出其原因是原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高，发达国家对石油的依赖减弱，此次涨价的背景不一样了。文章最后一段说这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不同，对各国的影响也基本没有反映出来，连物价都基本没有变动，也就是说，油价冲击已经不是那么可怕。所以答案是A选项。
本文作者主要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。尤其是第三段和最后一段的第一句话，强调人们不必担心此次油价上涨，因为这一次的情况与“20世纪70年代” 不同。由此可见作者的态度是“乐观的”。 -
第17题：
共用题干
第三篇
Oil and Economy
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double一digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(in constant prices)rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.S%of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980.On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy一intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.From the text we can see that the writer seems______.
A:optimistic
B:sensitive
C:gloomy
D:scared答案：A解析：根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话“Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December"，说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量，使得油价上升。所以本题的答案是B选项。D选项不是该现象的主要原因，因为OPEC的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格的走势的主要原因。
根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话“In Europe , taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past"，意思是说“在欧洲，税占汽油的零售价的4/5，因此相比以往，原油的价格变化对汽油零售价的影响不会很明显”。也就是说，税的增加会导致汽油价格的猛涨，而原油价格的变化带来的影响不会很大。本题的一个理解难点是“muted effect "，另外一个是“pump price "。 " mute”表示“哑巴的，无声的，沉默的”，和“effect”连用，表示 “影响不明显”；而“pump price”是一个很形象的说法，" pump”指的是“泵”，这里很形象地用 " pump”指代“汽油零售”。根据上述分析，可以得出答案是D选项。
根据本题的关键词“《经济展望》的估计”可以定位到“The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0 .25％一 0.5% of GDP"，也就是说，油价的上涨对GDP的影响很小，只有“0.25%—0.5%”。因此我们可以得出答案为D选项。
本题的几个选项需要通篇理解。文章第三段指出“油价的经济影响不会那么严重”，作者指出其原因是原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高，发达国家对石油的依赖减弱，此次涨价的背景不一样了。文章最后一段说这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不同，对各国的影响也基本没有反映出来，连物价都基本没有变动，也就是说，油价冲击已经不是那么可怕。所以答案是A选项。
本文作者主要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。尤其是第三段和最后一段的第一句话，强调人们不必担心此次油价上涨，因为这一次的情况与“20世纪70年代” 不同。由此可见作者的态度是“乐观的”。 -
第18题：
共用题干
第三篇
Oil and Economy
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the l970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the l970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(inconstant prices)in rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with$13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25％～0.5%of GDP.That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy-intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago.In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if_______.
A:price of crude rises
B:commodity prices rise
C:consumption rises
D:oil taxes rise答案：D解析：根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话“Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost$26 a barrel,up from less than $10 last December"，说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量，使得油价上升，所以本题的答案是B选项。D选项不是该现象的主要原因，因为OPEC的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格走势的主要原因。
根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话“In Europe , taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past"，意思是说“在欧洲，税占汽油零售价的4/5，因此相比以往，原油的价格变化对汽油的影响不会很明显‘”。也就是说税的增加会导致汽油价格的猛涨，而原油价格的变化所带来的影响不会很大。本题一个理解的难度是muted effect，另外一个是 pump p rice0 mute表示“哑巴的、无声的、沉默的”，和effect连用表示“影响不明显”；而pump price是一个很形象的说法，pump指的是“泵”，这里很形象地用pump指代汽油。根据上述分析，可以得出答案是D选项。
根据本题的关键词The estimates in Economic Outlook可以定位到第四段 "The OECD estimates in its latest Economic outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25%～0.5% of GDP"。也就是说，油价的上涨对GDP的影响很小，只占0.25%～0.5%。因此我们可以得出答案是D选项。
通观全文，文章第三段指出“油价的经济影响不会那么严重”，作者指出其原因是“原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高，发达国家对石油的依赖减弱，此次涨价的背景不一样了”。文章最后一段说到这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不同，对各国的影响也基本没有反映出来，连物价都基本没有变动，也就是说，油价冲击已经不是那么可怕，所以答案是A选项。
本文作者主要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。尤其是第三段和最后一段的第一句话，强调人们不必担心此次油价上涨，因为这一次的情况与20世纪70年代不同。由此可见作者的态度是乐观的。 -
第19题：
共用题干
第三篇
Oil and Economy
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the l970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the l970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(inconstant prices)in rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with$13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25％～0.5%of GDP.That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy-intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago.In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries_______.
A:heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive
B:income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices
C:manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed
D:oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP答案：D解析：根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话“Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost$26 a barrel,up from less than $10 last December"，说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量，使得油价上升，所以本题的答案是B选项。D选项不是该现象的主要原因，因为OPEC的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格走势的主要原因。
根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话“In Europe , taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past"，意思是说“在欧洲，税占汽油零售价的4/5，因此相比以往，原油的价格变化对汽油的影响不会很明显‘”。也就是说税的增加会导致汽油价格的猛涨，而原油价格的变化所带来的影响不会很大。本题一个理解的难度是muted effect，另外一个是 pump p rice0 mute表示“哑巴的、无声的、沉默的”，和effect连用表示“影响不明显”；而pump price是一个很形象的说法，pump指的是“泵”，这里很形象地用pump指代汽油。根据上述分析，可以得出答案是D选项。
根据本题的关键词The estimates in Economic Outlook可以定位到第四段 "The OECD estimates in its latest Economic outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25%～0.5% of GDP"。也就是说，油价的上涨对GDP的影响很小，只占0.25%～0.5%。因此我们可以得出答案是D选项。
通观全文，文章第三段指出“油价的经济影响不会那么严重”，作者指出其原因是“原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高，发达国家对石油的依赖减弱，此次涨价的背景不一样了”。文章最后一段说到这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不同，对各国的影响也基本没有反映出来，连物价都基本没有变动，也就是说，油价冲击已经不是那么可怕，所以答案是A选项。
本文作者主要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。尤其是第三段和最后一段的第一句话，强调人们不必担心此次油价上涨，因为这一次的情况与20世纪70年代不同。由此可见作者的态度是乐观的。 -
第20题：
共用题干
第三篇
Oil and Economy
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the l970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the l970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(inconstant prices)in rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with$13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25％～0.5%of GDP.That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy-intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago.In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is_______.
A:global inflation
B:reduction in supply
C:fast growth in economy
D:Iraq's suspension of exports答案：B解析：根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话“Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost$26 a barrel,up from less than $10 last December"，说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量，使得油价上升，所以本题的答案是B选项。D选项不是该现象的主要原因，因为OPEC的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格走势的主要原因。
根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话“In Europe , taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past"，意思是说“在欧洲，税占汽油零售价的4/5，因此相比以往，原油的价格变化对汽油的影响不会很明显‘”。也就是说税的增加会导致汽油价格的猛涨，而原油价格的变化所带来的影响不会很大。本题一个理解的难度是muted effect，另外一个是 pump p rice0 mute表示“哑巴的、无声的、沉默的”，和effect连用表示“影响不明显”；而pump price是一个很形象的说法，pump指的是“泵”，这里很形象地用pump指代汽油。根据上述分析，可以得出答案是D选项。
根据本题的关键词The estimates in Economic Outlook可以定位到第四段 "The OECD estimates in its latest Economic outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25%～0.5% of GDP"。也就是说，油价的上涨对GDP的影响很小，只占0.25%～0.5%。因此我们可以得出答案是D选项。
通观全文，文章第三段指出“油价的经济影响不会那么严重”，作者指出其原因是“原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高，发达国家对石油的依赖减弱，此次涨价的背景不一样了”。文章最后一段说到这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不同，对各国的影响也基本没有反映出来，连物价都基本没有变动，也就是说，油价冲击已经不是那么可怕，所以答案是A选项。
本文作者主要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。尤其是第三段和最后一段的第一句话，强调人们不必担心此次油价上涨，因为这一次的情况与20世纪70年代不同。由此可见作者的态度是乐观的。 -
第21题：
问答题Directions:In this section, there is one passage followed by 5 questions. Read the passage carefully, then answer the questions in a maximum of 10 words. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet. Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage. Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 1979-1980, when they also almost tripled. Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline. So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time? The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term. Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past. Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption. Software, consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production. For each dollar of GDP (in constant prices) rich economies now use nearly 50% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand, oil-importing emerging economies—to which heavy industry has shifted—have become more energy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed. One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand. A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline. The economist’s commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%, and in 1979 by almost 30%. Questions: 1．What is the main reason for the latest rise of oil price? 2．What are the results of the 1970s’ oil shock? 3．It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if ________. 4．According to the passage, reduction in oil consumption is due to ________, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries. 5．According to the passage, compared with those in the 1970s, oil-price shocks are ________ now.正确答案：
1.Reduction in supply. / Supply-cuts 依据文章第一段第二句话:“Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December”,可知答案为Reduction in supply或Supply-cuts。
2.Double-digit inflation and global economic decline 文章第一段第四句话提到“Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline”,其中both previous shocks指前文提到的1973年和1979到1980年间的oil shock,可知答案为Double-digit inflation and global economic decline。
3.oil taxes rise 文章第三段第三句话提到“In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past”,意为:在欧洲,汽油的零售价中税占到五分之四,因此税的增加会导致汽油价格(成比例地)猛涨,而原油价格的变化带来的影响不会很大。由此可知如果油税上调,汽油零售价格将急剧上涨。因此答案为oil taxes rise。
4.energy conservation 文章第四段第二句提到“Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption”,由此可知答案为energy conservation。
5.less shocking 文章最后一段强调这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的油价上涨不同,它并不是在普遍日用品价格上涨和全球需求过剩的背景下发生的,也就没有70年代那一次那么可怕,因此答案为less shocking。解析： 暂无解析 -
第22题：
单选题It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if ______.Aprice of crude rises
Bcommodity prices rise
Cconsumption rises
Doil taxes rise
正确答案： B解析：
推断题。文章第三段具体阐述了汽油零售价上涨的相关因素，第三句提到“In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price”，在欧洲，石油零售价格中有高达五分之四是油税。由此可推断，油税上调最可能导致油价上涨。故D为正确答案。 -
第23题：
单选题From the passage, we can draw a conclusion that _____.Afamily has deep influence on a person
Bcompliments are very important to a person
Cone should treasure the relationship between others
Dwhen facing tough time, one should never say die
正确答案： A解析：
推理题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了作者在孩童时期的经历对他以后生活所造成的影响：他成年后不会称赞别人的性格特点都是由于他童年时期的经历造成的饿，童年时期作者是长子，承担起了协助养家糊口的重任，但同时他也只是个孩子，渴望得到母亲的关爱，但是他表露出对弟妹们的支持和鼓励只能让自己更失去母亲的关爱。由此可以推断出A选项的说法正确，其他三项都不是文章的中心和意图所在。因此，本题的正确答案为A。 -
第24题：
单选题From the text we can see that the writer seems ______.Aoptimistic
Bsensitive
Cgloomy
Dscared
正确答案： B解析：
观点态度题。从上一题的分析来看，作者坚持认为石油价格变动已经不会像以前那样给经济带来巨大的影响。再根据最后一段第一句指出的“我们不用为石油上涨而失眠…”，据此可以看出作者对油价上涨还是持乐观态度的。故A为正确答案。