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Recent pressure at work may account for his behavior.A: explain B: change C: influence D: embody
题目
Recent pressure at work may account for his behavior.
A: explain
B: change
C: influence
D: embody
B: change
C: influence
D: embody
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第1题：
Passage 1
In his book The Tipping Point,Malcolm Gladwell argues that"social epidemics"are driven in?large part by the actions of a tiny minority of special individuals,often called influentials,who are?unusually informed,persuasive,or well-connected．The idea is intuitively compelling,but it doesn′t?explain how ideas actually spread．
The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible-sounding but largely untested?theory called the"two-step flow of communication":Information flows from the media to the?influentials and from them to everyone else．Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it?suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials,those selected people will do most of?the work for them．The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain?looks,brands,or neighborhoods．In many such cases,a cursory search for causes finds that some?small group of people was wearing,promoting,or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid?attention．Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people?can drive trends．
In their recent work,however,some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials?have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed．In fact,they don′t seem to be?required of all．
The researchers′argument stems from a simple observation about social influence:With the?exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey--whose outsize presence is primarily a function of?media,not interpersonal,influence--even the most influential members of a population simply don′t?interact with that many others．Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who,according to?the two-step-flow theory,are supposed to drive social epidemics,by influencing their friends and?colleagues directly．For a social epidemic to occur,however,each person so affected must then?influence his or her own acquaintances,who must in turn influence theirs,and so on;and just how?many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential．If people?in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant,for example,the?cascade of change won′t propagate very far or affect many people．
Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence,the researchers studied the dynamics?of social influence by conducting thousands of computer simulations of populations,manipulating a?number of variables relating to people′s ability to influence others and their tendency to be?influenced．They found that the principal requirement for what is called"global cascades"—the?widespread propagation of influence through networks--is the presence not of a few influentials but,rather,of a critical mass of easily influenced people．
The author suggests that the"two-step flow theory"__________．查看材料A.serves as a solution to marketing problems
B.has helped explain certain prevalent trends
C.has won support from influentials
D.requires solid evidence for its validity答案：D解析：细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第二段。第二段第一句对“two-step flow theory”的定义是“the supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible-sounding but largely untested theory”．由此可以看出，作者认为这种理论需要可靠的证据来证实，故D项正确。A项不是作者的暗示；B项，原文只是说“seems?to explain the…popularity”，不是肯定语气；C项原文未提。 -
第2题：
Passage 1
In his book The Tipping Point,Malcolm Gladwell argues that"social epidemics"are driven in?large part by the actions of a tiny minority of special individuals,often called influentials,who are?unusually informed,persuasive,or well-connected．The idea is intuitively compelling,but it doesn′t?explain how ideas actually spread．
The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible-sounding but largely untested?theory called the"two-step flow of communication":Information flows from the media to the?influentials and from them to everyone else．Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it?suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials,those selected people will do most of?the work for them．The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain?looks,brands,or neighborhoods．In many such cases,a cursory search for causes finds that some?small group of people was wearing,promoting,or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid?attention．Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people?can drive trends．
In their recent work,however,some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials?have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed．In fact,they don′t seem to be?required of all．
The researchers′argument stems from a simple observation about social influence:With the?exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey--whose outsize presence is primarily a function of?media,not interpersonal,influence--even the most influential members of a population simply don′t?interact with that many others．Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who,according to?the two-step-flow theory,are supposed to drive social epidemics,by influencing their friends and?colleagues directly．For a social epidemic to occur,however,each person so affected must then?influence his or her own acquaintances,who must in turn influence theirs,and so on;and just how?many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential．If people?in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant,for example,the?cascade of change won′t propagate very far or affect many people．
Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence,the researchers studied the dynamics?of social influence by conducting thousands of computer simulations of populations,manipulating a?number of variables relating to people′s ability to influence others and their tendency to be?influenced．They found that the principal requirement for what is called"global cascades"—the?widespread propagation of influence through networks--is the presence not of a few influentials but,rather,of a critical mass of easily influenced people．
By citing the book The Tipping Point,the author intends to__________．查看材料A.analyze the consequences of social epidemics
B.discuss influentials'function in spreading ideas
C.exemplify people's intuitive response to social epidemics
D.describe the essential characteristics ofinfluentials答案：B解析：推断题。根据题干关键词定位到第一段。The Tipping Point这本书认为社会流行潮是由少数有影响力人士引起的，然而作者认为这种观点并不能令人信服，进而引出下文的讨论：社会流行潮是如何传播的，有影响力人士在其中起了什么作用。因此B项“探讨有影响力人士在传播观点中的作用”为正确答案。A项，原文提到的是起因；C项和D项原文并没有提到。 -
第3题：
He was unable to give a credible explanation for his behavior.A:workable
B:convincing
C:practical
D:reliable答案：D解析：本句意思：他不能为自己的行为给出一个可信的解释。workable的意思为“可行的，行得 通的”;convincing的意思为“有说服力的，有力的”;practical的意思为“实际的，可行的”;reliable 的意思为“可靠的，可信赖的”。credible的意思为“可信的，可靠的”，和reliable的意思接近。 -
第4题：
Text 3 In his book The Tipping Point,Malcolm Gladwell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals,often called influentials,who are unusually informed,persuasive,or well-connected.The idea is intuitively compelling,but it doesn't explain how ideas actually spread.The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible sounding but largely untested theory called the"two step flow of communication":Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else.Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials,those selected people will do most of the work for them.The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks,brands,or neighborhoods.In many such cases,a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing,promoting,or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention.Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trends In their recent work,however,some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed.In fact,they don't seem to be required of all.The researchers'argument stems from a simple observing about social influence,with the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media,not interpersonal,influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don't interact with that many others.Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who,according to the two-step-flow theory,are supposed to drive social epidemics by influencing their friends and colleagues directly.For a social epidemic to occur,however,each person so affected,must then influence his or her own acquaintances,who must in turn influence theirs,and so on;and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential.If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant,for example,the cascade of change won't propagate very far or affect many people.Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence,the researchers studied the dynamics of populations manipulating a number of variables relating of populations,manipulating a number of variables relating to people's ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced.Our work shows that the principal requirement for what we call"global cascades"–the widespread propagation of influence through networks–is the presence not of a few influentials but,rather,of a critical mass of easily influenced people.35.what is the essential element in the dynamics of social influence?A.The eagerness to be accepted
B.The impulse to influence others
C.The readiness to be influenced
D.The inclination to rely on others答案：C解析：根据题干，线索定位到最后一段，“那些被称为风靡全球的影响的现象的主要条件不是一小部分‘潮人’，而是一大部分容易受影响的人”，the presence not of a few influentials but,rather,of a critical mass of easily influenced people。这是作者批驳了The Tipping Point中的老观点后提出的新观点。A选项未谈及渴望被人接受的问题；B选项impulse，属于对第四段第一句的曲解；D选项在文章中找不到反应rely on的依据【补充】本题考查细节，考查考生的细节辨别能力，注意选项与原文的同义替换。 -
第5题：
Text 3 In his book The Tipping Point,Malcolm Gladwell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals,often called influentials,who are unusually informed,persuasive,or well-connected.The idea is intuitively compelling,but it doesn't explain how ideas actually spread.The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible sounding but largely untested theory called the"two step flow of communication":Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else.Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials,those selected people will do most of the work for them.The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks,brands,or neighborhoods.In many such cases,a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing,promoting,or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention.Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trends In their recent work,however,some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed.In fact,they don't seem to be required of all.The researchers'argument stems from a simple observing about social influence,with the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media,not interpersonal,influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don't interact with that many others.Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who,according to the two-step-flow theory,are supposed to drive social epidemics by influencing their friends and colleagues directly.For a social epidemic to occur,however,each person so affected,must then influence his or her own acquaintances,who must in turn influence theirs,and so on;and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential.If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant,for example,the cascade of change won't propagate very far or affect many people.Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence,the researchers studied the dynamics of populations manipulating a number of variables relating of populations,manipulating a number of variables relating to people's ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced.Our work shows that the principal requirement for what we call"global cascades"–the widespread propagation of influence through networks–is the presence not of a few influentials but,rather,of a critical mass of easily influenced people.32.The author suggests that the"two-step-flow theory"A.serves as a solution to marketing problems
B.has helped explain certain prevalent trends
C.has won support from influentials
D.requires solid evidence for its validity答案：D解析：文章第二段首句“the supposed…plausible sounding but largely untested theory…”以及末句“…only certain special people can drive trends”充分说明这种理论证据不够充足。而D选项正确的反应了文中的内容。A选项，原文只是提到市场营销人员接受这种“两步传播理论”，未进一步提到对它的态度，该选项属于过度推理。B选项说法过于肯定，而原文使用的是一个模糊的说法。C选项属于无中生有。 -
第6题：
According to the passage, if a student' s school record is not good, he___________.A.will be a complete failure in his future work
B.will not be able to find a suitable job
C.will regret not having worked harder at school
D.may do well in his future work答案：D解析：根据本文最后两旬的句意“你在学校的记录并不是很好，但它仍然是你背景的一个重要部分。你不应对此感到抱歉，相反，你应该认识到在工作中你会有一个全新的开始。”可知。D项正确。 -
第7题：
Building a house costs quite a lot of money. Suppose you plan to build a house. Your first step will be to find a right piece of land. Your choice will depend on many different things. You will probably try to find a sunny place, with pleasant surroundings near shops and bus stops, not too far from your friends and the place where you work.
Next you will find a good builder, and together with the builder you will work out a plan. The builder will draw the plan. It will show the number of rooms, their position and size, and other parts, which must be noticed, such as windows, doors, and electric outlets. The builder will work out how much money is needed to build your house. He will work out the cost of the wood, bricks, the glass, and everything else that must be used in building the house. Later on, when he starts to build, this estimate must be corrected and revised. His estimate is based on existing prices, but prices of such things may change, and many other things may happen between the time when he makes the estimate and the time when he builds the house.
When the builder gives his estimate, you may wish to change your plan. (You may also wish to change your builder, if his estimate is too high! ) You may find that the house you wanted at first costs too much, or that you can spend a little more and add something to your plan. The builder's estimate depends on the plan, but the final plan depends on the builder's estimate.
When the builder starts to build a house, his estimate will have to be corrected and revised because _______.A.it is wrongly worked out by a workman
B.the future owner of the house thinks the estimate is so high that he cannot afford the building
C.the prices of building materials and the expenses of labor may be different from the original prices and expenses
D.estimates are usually mistaken in the beginning答案：C解析：本题属细节考查题。考查的是在盖房的施工中，最初的预算必须更正与修改的原因。短文第二段的倒数一、二句就有相对应的部分；随后，当他开始施工时，此预算必须更改与修正。他的预算的根据是当时的价格，而建筑材料与其他东西的价格在制定预算和开始施工这一阶段很可能会有变化。A项说的是“预算经常被施工者算错”，在短文中找不到依据；B项的“未来的房主认为预算太高他支付不起”在短文中也没有体现，D项的“在开始时预算往往是错的”与A项的错误一致． -
第8题：
Building a house costs quite a lot of money. Suppose you plan to build a house. Your first step will be to find a right piece of land. Your choice will depend on many different things. You will probably try to find a sunny place, with pleasant surroundings near shops and bus stops, not too far from your friends and the place where you work.
Next you will find a good builder, and together with the builder you will work out a plan. The builder will draw the plan. It will show the number of rooms, their position and size, and other parts, which must be noticed, such as windows, doors, and electric outlets. The builder will work out how much money is needed to build your house. He will work out the cost of the wood, bricks, the glass, and everything else that must be used in building the house. Later on, when he starts to build, this estimate must be corrected and revised. His estimate is based on existing prices, but prices of such things may change, and many other things may happen between the time when he makes the estimate and the time when he builds the house.
When the builder gives his estimate, you may wish to change your plan. (You may also wish to change your builder, if his estimate is too high! ) You may find that the house you wanted at first costs too much, or that you can spend a little more and add something to your plan. The builder's estimate depends on the plan, but the final plan depends on the builder's estimate.
The first thing for a person to build a house is ______A.to get as much money as possible
B.to find a suitable piece of land
C.to work out a plan
D.to make an estimate答案：B解析：由短文首段的第三句“Your first stepwill betofind a right plece of land．”(你的第一步就是选好一块合适的地)可知此句正是该题答案的出处 -
第9题：
During the project, requirements change for a variety of reasons. As needs change and as work proceeds, additional requirements are derived and changes may have to be made to the existing requirements. It is essential to manage these additions and changes efficiently and effectively. To effectively analyze the impact of the changes, it is necessary that the source of each requirement is known and the rationale for any change is documented. The project manager may, however, want to track appropriate measures of requirements volatility to judge whether new or revised（）are necessary.
- A、proceedings
- B、controls
- C、forecastings
- D、Prelibations
正确答案:B -
第10题：
The client team tends to bring the pSeries technical specialist in very late in the process. This has caused several problems where the specialist has had to correct some misunderstandings about the technology. The specialist is getting very frustrated and would like to avoid these misunderstandings in future. What would be the most appropriate way to handle this？（）
- A、Refuse to work with the account team unless they are brought in right at the beginning.
- B、Talk to the account team and ask them to bring them in earlier so that they can better understand the account.
- C、Explain the situation to the customer and ask them to talk to the account team about bringing them in earlier.
- D、Explain the situation to the sales manager and ask him to talk to the account team about bringing them in earlier.
正确答案:B -
第11题：
单选题What are the possible results if change isn’t well managed?ALeaders will work under greater pressure.
BLeaders won’t get any sense of satisfaction from work.
CLeaders feel greatly disappointed to the change.
DLeaders feel guilty of the loss of the company.
正确答案： A解析：
该提问的是“如果不能很好地应对变革，结果可能会如何？”。文章最后一段第三句提到“…bear a very heavy personal load”与A选项中的work under greater pressure意思相符，故选A。 -
第12题：
单选题Which of the following may better students’ ability of using a grammatical structure?AHaving them work out the rul
BHaving them give some explamples.
CHaving them explain the meanin
DHaving them explain the structure!
正确答案： A解析： -
第13题：
The phenomenon of may be the factor to cause the fewest changes in the English language in recent years.A．moving toward greater informality
B．the influence of American English
C．the influence of science and technology
D．the conflicts between or among nations答案：D解析：考查英语的发展变化。近几年，引起英语变化的一些因素有：走向非正式化，美式英语的影响。科学与技术的影响等。故选D。 -
第14题：
Which of the following may better check students' ability of using a grammatical struc-ture?A．Having them work out the rule.
B．Having them give some examples.
C．Having them explain the meaning.
D．Having them explain the structure.答案：B解析：考查语法教学技能。此题是问：下列哪一项可以更好地检测学生运用语法结构的能力 A项意为“让他们找出规律”．B项意为“让他们给出一些例子”，C项意为“让他们解释含义”，D项意为“让他们说明结构”。通过让学生给出一些相同语法结构的例句，可以更准确地判断出他们对于该句法结构的把握。故选B。 -
第15题：
Please account for your disrespectful behavior.A:explain
B:examine
C:eliminate
D:stop答案：A解析：请解释一下你无礼的行为。explain“解释”; examine“检查”，如：The doctor is examining the sick kid．医生正在检查生病的孩子。eliminate“消除”，如：Can cancer be eliminated?癌症能被消除吗？stop“停止”。 -
第16题：
Text 3 In his book The Tipping Point,Malcolm Gladwell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals,often called influentials,who are unusually informed,persuasive,or well-connected.The idea is intuitively compelling,but it doesn't explain how ideas actually spread.The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible sounding but largely untested theory called the"two step flow of communication":Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else.Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials,those selected people will do most of the work for them.The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks,brands,or neighborhoods.In many such cases,a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing,promoting,or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention.Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trends In their recent work,however,some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed.In fact,they don't seem to be required of all.The researchers'argument stems from a simple observing about social influence,with the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media,not interpersonal,influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don't interact with that many others.Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who,according to the two-step-flow theory,are supposed to drive social epidemics by influencing their friends and colleagues directly.For a social epidemic to occur,however,each person so affected,must then influence his or her own acquaintances,who must in turn influence theirs,and so on;and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential.If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant,for example,the cascade of change won't propagate very far or affect many people.Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence,the researchers studied the dynamics of populations manipulating a number of variables relating of populations,manipulating a number of variables relating to people's ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced.Our work shows that the principal requirement for what we call"global cascades"–the widespread propagation of influence through networks–is the presence not of a few influentials but,rather,of a critical mass of easily influenced people.34.The underlined phrase"these people"in paragraph 4 refers to the ones whoA.stay outside the network of social influence
B.have little contact with the source of influence
C.are influenced and then influence others
D.are influenced by the initial influential答案：C解析：解析：根据题干，线索定位到第四段。同过分析这个短语所在的句子，“For a social epidemic…;just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with…”此句主要表明人们是如何被别人影响进而又去影响别人的。而C选项恰是对这一点的正确表述。【补充】本题考查的是指代。指代属于考研英语中一个很容易被忽视的考点，最近是在2005年第一篇文章的第23题。 -
第17题：
Text 3 In his book The Tipping Point,Malcolm Gladwell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals,often called influentials,who are unusually informed,persuasive,or well-connected.The idea is intuitively compelling,but it doesn't explain how ideas actually spread.The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible sounding but largely untested theory called the"two step flow of communication":Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else.Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials,those selected people will do most of the work for them.The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks,brands,or neighborhoods.In many such cases,a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing,promoting,or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention.Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trends In their recent work,however,some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed.In fact,they don't seem to be required of all.The researchers'argument stems from a simple observing about social influence,with the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media,not interpersonal,influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don't interact with that many others.Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who,according to the two-step-flow theory,are supposed to drive social epidemics by influencing their friends and colleagues directly.For a social epidemic to occur,however,each person so affected,must then influence his or her own acquaintances,who must in turn influence theirs,and so on;and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential.If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant,for example,the cascade of change won't propagate very far or affect many people.Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence,the researchers studied the dynamics of populations manipulating a number of variables relating of populations,manipulating a number of variables relating to people's ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced.Our work shows that the principal requirement for what we call"global cascades"–the widespread propagation of influence through networks–is the presence not of a few influentials but,rather,of a critical mass of easily influenced people.31.By citing the book The Tipping Point,the author intends toA.analyze the consequences of social epidemics
B.discuss influentials'function in spreading ideas
C.exemplify people's intuitive response to social epidemics
D.describe the essential characteristics of influentials.答案：B解析：文章提到Tipping Point这本书描述社会流行风潮是由一小部分名人引起的，然而，笔锋一转在首段末又说“it doesn’t explain how ideas actually spread.”进而引出作者对名人传播想法功能的讨论。由此B选项正确。而A项错在consequences，文中并没有讨论社会潮流的后果问题，而是谈到社会潮流的原因（driven）。C项利用第一段最后一句中的intuitively设置的干扰，但文中并没有提到人类对社会流行的直觉反应；潮人的特征属于书中的具体内容，属于就事论事，排除D项。【补充】报刊杂志文章的首段通常引人入胜，目的是引出本文主题。 -
第18题：
Building a house costs quite a lot of money. Suppose you plan to build a house. Your first step will be to find a right piece of land. Your choice will depend on many different things. You will probably try to find a sunny place, with pleasant surroundings near shops and bus stops, not too far from your friends and the place where you work.
Next you will find a good builder, and together with the builder you will work out a plan. The builder will draw the plan. It will show the number of rooms, their position and size, and other parts, which must be noticed, such as windows, doors, and electric outlets. The builder will work out how much money is needed to build your house. He will work out the cost of the wood, bricks, the glass, and everything else that must be used in building the house. Later on, when he starts to build, this estimate must be corrected and revised. His estimate is based on existing prices, but prices of such things may change, and many other things may happen between the time when he makes the estimate and the time when he builds the house.
When the builder gives his estimate, you may wish to change your plan. (You may also wish to change your builder, if his estimate is too high! ) You may find that the house you wanted at first costs too much, or that you can spend a little more and add something to your plan. The builder's estimate depends on the plan, but the final plan depends on the builder's estimate.
The phrase "draw a plan" in this passage means _______A.making a picture of a building or a room
B.making a plan
C.working out a plan
D.pulling a picture out of a room答案：A解析：解答该小题的重点是要准确理解“draw a plan”这个短语中的关键词plan。plan在本短文中反复出现了八次，第一次出现以动词形式出现，其他七次都是名词。作名词用时其常见用法有二：计划，方案；平面图，纸张。plan在与draw连用时，就表明：画一张建筑物的平面图。B项和C项都是把plan理解为“计划”或“方案”了，而D项则理解成“把一张图画从屋里找出来”，这是无稽之谈。由此答案非A莫属。 -
第19题：
Building a house costs quite a lot of money. Suppose you plan to build a house. Your first step will be to find a right piece of land. Your choice will depend on many different things. You will probably try to find a sunny place, with pleasant surroundings near shops and bus stops, not too far from your friends and the place where you work.
Next you will find a good builder, and together with the builder you will work out a plan. The builder will draw the plan. It will show the number of rooms, their position and size, and other parts, which must be noticed, such as windows, doors, and electric outlets. The builder will work out how much money is needed to build your house. He will work out the cost of the wood, bricks, the glass, and everything else that must be used in building the house. Later on, when he starts to build, this estimate must be corrected and revised. His estimate is based on existing prices, but prices of such things may change, and many other things may happen between the time when he makes the estimate and the time when he builds the house.
When the builder gives his estimate, you may wish to change your plan. (You may also wish to change your builder, if his estimate is too high! ) You may find that the house you wanted at first costs too much, or that you can spend a little more and add something to your plan. The builder's estimate depends on the plan, but the final plan depends on the builder's estimate.
The best title of this passage is ________A.Building a House Costs Much Money
B.Estimate Is Important
C.Planning a House
D.Depend on the Builder答案：C解析：本题考查对整篇短文中心思想的理解。A项讲的是“盖一幢房子要花很多钱”，这是本文的第一句话，但它只讲了上述三段的盖房子要花很多钱这一项内容，所以其概括不准确。B项是说“预算是重要的”．同样犯了以偏概全的毛病。D项讲的是“依靠建筑工”，这与短文内容是相矛盾的．故此三者皆否定之。 -
第20题：
Recent pressure at work may account for his behavior.A:explain
B:change
C:influence
D:embody答案：A解析：最近工作中的压力可能是导致他行为的原因。explain“解释”，例如：A dictionary explains the meaning of words．词典是解释词义的工具书。change“改变”，例如： change one's job换一份工作。influence“影响”，例如：It's clear that her painting has been influenced by Picasso．她的画显然受了毕加索的影响。embody“体现”，例如：To me he embodies all the best qualities of a teacher．在我看来，他本身体现了教师应有的一切优秀品质。只有explain意思上和account for最接近。 -
第21题：
我们的大副现在很忙。（）
- A、Our third officer is busy with his work.
- B、Our second officer is busy with his work.
- C、Our captain is busy with his work.
- D、Our chief officer is busy with his work.
正确答案:D -
第22题：
单选题请阅读 Passage l,完成第 21~25小题。 Passage1 In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that "social epidemics" are driven in largepart by the actions of a tiny minority of special individuals, often calledinfluentials, who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well-connected. Theidea is intuitively compelling, but it doesn't explain how ideas actuallyspread. The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible-soundingbut largely untested theory called the "two-step flow ofcommunication": Information flows from the media to the influential andfrom them to everyone else. Marketers have embraced the two-step flow becauseit suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials, those selectedpeople will do most of the work for them. The theory also seems to explain thesudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks, brands, or neighborhoods. Inmany such cases, a cursory search for causes finds that some small group ofpeople was wearing promoting, or developingwhatever it is before anyone else paid attention. Anecdotal evidence of thiskind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drivetrends. In their recent work，however，some researchers have come up with the finding that influential havefar less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed. In fact, theydon 't seem to be required of all.The researchers ' argument stems from a simple observation aboutsocial influence: With the exception of a few celebrities like OprahWinfrey-whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, notinterpersonal, influence-even the most influential members of a populationsimply don't interact with that many others. Yet it is precisely these non-celebrityinfluentials who，according to the two-step-flow theory, are supposed to drive socialepidemics, by influencing their friends and colleagues directly. For a social epidemic to occur, however, eachperson so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances，who must intum influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to eachof these people has little to do with the initialinfluential. If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initialinfluential prove resistant. for example, the cascade of change won ' tpropagate very far or affect many people. Building on the basic truth aboutinterpersonal influence, the researchers studied the dynamics of social influenceby conducting thousands of computer simulations of populations, manipulating a numberof variables relating to people's ability to influence others and theirtendency to be influenced. They foundthat the principal requirement for what is called "global cascades"---the widespreadpropagation of influence through networks—is the presence not of a few influentials but ,rather, of a critical mass of easilyinfluenced people.By citing the book The Tipping Point, the author intends to_____Aanalyze the consequences of social epidemics
Bdiscuss influentials ' function in spreading ideas
Cexemplify people ' s intuitive response to social epidemics
Ddescribe the essential characteristics of influential
正确答案： A解析： -
第23题：
单选题_____AHe is interested in his work.
BHe is proud of his work.
CHe is tired of his work.
DHe is keen on his work.
正确答案： B解析：
细节题。根据男士的回答“I’m a bit tired of it.”可知，男士已经厌倦了在银行工作，故选C。 -
第24题：
单选题请阅读 Passage l,完成第 21~25小题。 Passage1 In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that "social epidemics" are driven in largepart by the actions of a tiny minority of special individuals, often calledinfluentials, who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well-connected. Theidea is intuitively compelling, but it doesn't explain how ideas actuallyspread. The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible-soundingbut largely untested theory called the "two-step flow ofcommunication": Information flows from the media to the influential andfrom them to everyone else. Marketers have embraced the two-step flow becauseit suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials, those selectedpeople will do most of the work for them. The theory also seems to explain thesudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks, brands, or neighborhoods. Inmany such cases, a cursory search for causes finds that some small group ofpeople was wearing promoting, or developingwhatever it is before anyone else paid attention. Anecdotal evidence of thiskind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drivetrends. In their recent work，however，some researchers have come up with the finding that influential havefar less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed. In fact, theydon 't seem to be required of all.The researchers ' argument stems from a simple observation aboutsocial influence: With the exception of a few celebrities like OprahWinfrey-whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, notinterpersonal, influence-even the most influential members of a populationsimply don't interact with that many others. Yet it is precisely these non-celebrityinfluentials who，according to the two-step-flow theory, are supposed to drive socialepidemics, by influencing their friends and colleagues directly. For a social epidemic to occur, however, eachperson so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances，who must intum influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to eachof these people has little to do with the initialinfluential. If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initialinfluential prove resistant. for example, the cascade of change won ' tpropagate very far or affect many people. Building on the basic truth aboutinterpersonal influence, the researchers studied the dynamics of social influenceby conducting thousands of computer simulations of populations, manipulating a numberof variables relating to people's ability to influence others and theirtendency to be influenced. They foundthat the principal requirement for what is called "global cascades"---the widespreadpropagation of influence through networks—is the presence not of a few influentials but ,rather, of a critical mass of easilyinfluenced people.The author suggests that the "two-step flow theory"____Aserves as a solution to marketing problemsB .has helped explain certain prevalent trends
Bhas won support from influentials
Crequires solid evidence for its validity
正确答案： B解析：