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People have smoked cigarettes for a long time now. The tobacco which is used to make cigarettes was first grown in what is now part of the United States. Christopher Columbus, who discovered America, saw the Indians smoking. Soon the dried leaves were tra
题目
People have smoked cigarettes for a long time now. The tobacco which is used to make cigarettes was first grown in what is now part of the United States. Christopher Columbus, who discovered America, saw the Indians smoking. Soon the dried leaves were transported to Europe. In the late 1800s, the Turks made cigarettes popular.
Cigarette smoke contains at least two harmful substances, tar and nicotine. Tar, which forms as the tobacco bums, damages the lungs and therefore affects breathing. Nicotine, which is found in the leaves, causes the heart to beat faster and increases the breathing rate. Nicotine in large can kill a person by stopping a person′s breathing muscles. Smokers usually take in small amounts that the body can quickly break down.
Nicotine can make new smokers feel dizzy (头晕) or sick to their stomachs. The heart rate for young smokers increases 2 to 3 beats per minute. Nicotine also lowers skin temperature and reduces blood flow in the legs and feet. It plays an important role in increasing smokers′ risk of heart disease and stroke.
Smoking cigarettes is dangerous. Cigarette smoking was the cause of lung cancer and several other deadly diseases.
What′s the main idea of this passage?
Cigarette smoke contains at least two harmful substances, tar and nicotine. Tar, which forms as the tobacco bums, damages the lungs and therefore affects breathing. Nicotine, which is found in the leaves, causes the heart to beat faster and increases the breathing rate. Nicotine in large can kill a person by stopping a person′s breathing muscles. Smokers usually take in small amounts that the body can quickly break down.
Nicotine can make new smokers feel dizzy (头晕) or sick to their stomachs. The heart rate for young smokers increases 2 to 3 beats per minute. Nicotine also lowers skin temperature and reduces blood flow in the legs and feet. It plays an important role in increasing smokers′ risk of heart disease and stroke.
Smoking cigarettes is dangerous. Cigarette smoking was the cause of lung cancer and several other deadly diseases.
What′s the main idea of this passage?
A.Where did cigarettes come from?
B.The effect of smoking on your body.
C.How to smoke is healthy?
D.Who is the first smoker?
B.The effect of smoking on your body.
C.How to smoke is healthy?
D.Who is the first smoker?
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第1题：
People have smoked cigarettes for a long time now. The tobacco which is used to make cigarettes was first grown in what is now part of the United States. Christopher Columbus, who discovered America, saw the Indians smoking. Soon the dried leaves were transported to Europe. In the late 1800s, the Turks made cigarettes popular.
Cigarette smoke contains at least two harmful substances, tar and nicotine. Tar, which forms as the tobacco bums, damages the lungs and therefore affects breathing. Nicotine, which is found in the leaves, causes the heart to beat faster and increases the breathing rate. Nicotine in large can kill a person by stopping a person′s breathing muscles. Smokers usually take in small amounts that the body can quickly break down.
Nicotine can make new smokers feel dizzy (头晕) or sick to their stomachs. The heart rate for young smokers increases 2 to 3 beats per minute. Nicotine also lowers skin temperature and reduces blood flow in the legs and feet. It plays an important role in increasing smokers′ risk of heart disease and stroke.
Smoking cigarettes is dangerous. Cigarette smoking was the cause of lung cancer and several other deadly diseases.
What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?A.To tell us the bad effects caused by smoking cigarettes.
B.To introduce the history of smoking.
C.To let us know what the cigarettes are made from.
D.To tell the readers that Columbus found the Indians smoking.答案：B解析：推断题。第一段主要讲述了烟草的来源，故选B。 -
第2题：
People have smoked cigarettes for a long time now. The tobacco which is used to make cigarettes was first grown in what is now part of the United States. Christopher Columbus, who discovered America, saw the Indians smoking. Soon the dried leaves were transported to Europe. In the late 1800s, the Turks made cigarettes popular.
Cigarette smoke contains at least two harmful substances, tar and nicotine. Tar, which forms as the tobacco bums, damages the lungs and therefore affects breathing. Nicotine, which is found in the leaves, causes the heart to beat faster and increases the breathing rate. Nicotine in large can kill a person by stopping a person′s breathing muscles. Smokers usually take in small amounts that the body can quickly break down.
Nicotine can make new smokers feel dizzy (头晕) or sick to their stomachs. The heart rate for young smokers increases 2 to 3 beats per minute. Nicotine also lowers skin temperature and reduces blood flow in the legs and feet. It plays an important role in increasing smokers′ risk of heart disease and stroke.
Smoking cigarettes is dangerous. Cigarette smoking was the cause of lung cancer and several other deadly diseases.
The following effects are caused by Nicotine EXCEPT that ___________.A.it can make new smokers feel dizzy or sick to their stomachs
B.it lowers skin temperature
C.it causes the heart to beat less fast
D.nicotine will probably kill a person if a smoker takes in too much of it.答案：C解析：细节题。根据“Nicotine…causes the heart to beat faster and increases the breathing rate．”可知C项beat less fast错误。 -
第3题：
共用题干
U.S.Signs Global Tobacco Treaty 1 The United States has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco treaty that promises to help control the deadly effects of tobacco use throughout the world.Health and Human Services Secretary, Tommy Thompson, signed the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control(FCTC)this week at the United Nations.The Senate must still approve the treaty before the U.S.can implement its provisions.
2 The FCTC was developed by the World Health Organization and approved by members of the World Health Assembly,including the United States,last year.Countries that ratify it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies.
3 For instance,cigarettes sold in those countries would have to have health warnings on at least 30% of the front and back of every pack.The treaty calls for higher tobacco taxes,restrictions on smoking in public places,and more promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs.It also requires bans on tobacco advertising,though there are some exceptions for countries like the United States,where the Constitution prohibits such an outright ban.
4 The impact of the treaty could be huge.The World Health Organization estimates that tobacco use kills nearly 5 million people worldwide every year.In the U.S.alone,about 440,000 people die each year from tobacco-related illnesses;about one-third of all cancers in the U.S.are caused by tobacco use.If current trends continue,WHO estimates,by 2025 tobacco will kill 10 million people each year.
5 The treaty must be ratified by at least 40 countries before it can take effect.So far,109 countries have signed it,and 1 2 have ratified it.Paragraph 4______
A:What the FCTC Demands
B:U.S.Signing of the FCTC
C:Opposition to the FCTC
D:How the FCTC Came Into Being
E:What the FCTC Will Bring About
F:Ratification of the FCTC答案：E解析：文章第一段主要讲美国朝着批准一项全球性烟草协议迈出了第一步，这一步指的是美国本周在联合国签署了烟草控制框架性协议。故选B。
文章第二段讲烟草控制框架性协议是由世界卫生组织制定的，并且是在去年由世界卫生大会的成员国批准的。因此该段主要讲的是它的形成过程。故选D。
文章第三段列举了烟草控制框架性协钱时已通过此协议的国家的一些具体要求。故选A。
文章第四段通过列举吸烟所造成的危害来说明实施烟草控制框架性协议将产生的影响。故选E。
由文章第一段第一句话“The United States has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco treaty…”可知，签署烟草控制框架性协议只是朝着批准该协议迈出的第一步。故选B。
文章第二段最后一句话讲到通过烟草控制框架性协议的国家必须实施严格的烟草控制措施，而文章第三段列举了一些具体应实施的措施，其中包括限制在公共场所吸烟。故选D。
文章第四段讲到，实施烟草控制框架性协议将产生巨大的影响，并列举了吸烟所造成的巨大危害。由此可见人们希望该协议的实施可以大大减少吸烟所造成的危害，尤其是大量的死亡。故选E。
由文章第五段可知，已经签署烟草控制框架性协议的国家的数量大大超过了批准该协议的国家的数量。故选A。 -
第4题：
共用题干
U.S.Signs Global Tobacco Treaty 1 The United States has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco treaty that promises to help control the deadly effects of tobacco use throughout the world.Health and Human Services Secretary, Tommy Thompson, signed the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control(FCTC)this week at the United Nations.The Senate must still approve the treaty before the U.S.can implement its provisions.
2 The FCTC was developed by the World Health Organization and approved by members of the World Health Assembly,including the United States,last year.Countries that ratify it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies.
3 For instance,cigarettes sold in those countries would have to have health warnings on at least 30% of the front and back of every pack.The treaty calls for higher tobacco taxes,restrictions on smoking in public places,and more promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs.It also requires bans on tobacco advertising,though there are some exceptions for countries like the United States,where the Constitution prohibits such an outright ban.
4 The impact of the treaty could be huge.The World Health Organization estimates that tobacco use kills nearly 5 million people worldwide every year.In the U.S.alone,about 440,000 people die each year from tobacco-related illnesses;about one-third of all cancers in the U.S.are caused by tobacco use.If current trends continue,WHO estimates,by 2025 tobacco will kill 10 million people each year.
5 The treaty must be ratified by at least 40 countries before it can take effect.So far,109 countries have signed it,and 1 2 have ratified it.Countries that ratify the FCTC will have to,among other things,______.
A:have ratified it
B:approving it
C:implement its provisions
D:restrict smoking in public places
E:caused by tobacco use
F:including higher tobacco taxes答案：D解析：文章第一段主要讲美国朝着批准一项全球性烟草协议迈出了第一步，这一步指的是美国本周在联合国签署了烟草控制框架性协议。故选B。
文章第二段讲烟草控制框架性协议是由世界卫生组织制定的，并且是在去年由世界卫生大会的成员国批准的。因此该段主要讲的是它的形成过程。故选D。
文章第三段列举了烟草控制框架性协钱时已通过此协议的国家的一些具体要求。故选A。
文章第四段通过列举吸烟所造成的危害来说明实施烟草控制框架性协议将产生的影响。故选E。
由文章第一段第一句话“The United States has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco treaty…”可知，签署烟草控制框架性协议只是朝着批准该协议迈出的第一步。故选B。
文章第二段最后一句话讲到通过烟草控制框架性协议的国家必须实施严格的烟草控制措施，而文章第三段列举了一些具体应实施的措施，其中包括限制在公共场所吸烟。故选D。
文章第四段讲到，实施烟草控制框架性协议将产生巨大的影响，并列举了吸烟所造成的巨大危害。由此可见人们希望该协议的实施可以大大减少吸烟所造成的危害，尤其是大量的死亡。故选E。
由文章第五段可知，已经签署烟草控制框架性协议的国家的数量大大超过了批准该协议的国家的数量。故选A。 -
第5题：
共用题干
The Beginning of American Literature America has always been a land of beginnings.After Europeans"discovered"America in the fifteenth century,the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life,an escape from poverty and persecution,a chance to start again.We can say that,as a nation,America begins with that hope.When,however,does American literature begin?
American literature begins with American experiences.Long before the first colonists arrived,before Christopher Columbus,before the Northmen who"found"America about the year 1000,native Americans lived here.Each tribe's literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daily life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of linking with the land.Another kind of experience,one filled with fear and excitement,found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain, French and English.In addition,the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilder- ness tell unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years. Experience,then, is the key to early American literature.
The New World provided a great variety of experiences,and these experiences demanded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early American writers.These writers included John Smith,who spent only two-and-a-half year on the American continent.
They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd,who thought of themselves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.American Indians,explorers,Puritan ministers,frontier wives,plantation owners-they are all the creators of the first American literature.What can we learn from the literature of the tribes of the native Americans?
A:About the everyday life of the native Americans.
B:About the arrival of Columbus.
C:About the experience of the first European settlers.
D:About the experience of those who died in the New England wilderness.答案：A解析：由文章第一段第二句话“… a genuine hope of a new life …”可知，that hope指的是人们对在美洲新大陆开始新生活的希望。故选B。
由文章第二段第二句可知，早在大约公元1000年北欧人发现美洲之前，美洲土著居民就居住在这里。第一句说“美国文学来源于美国人的生活经历”，由此可知，美国文学产生于公元1000年前就居住在这里的美洲土著居民的生活经历。故选D。
由文章第二段第三句话“Each tribe ' s literature was tightly woven into the fabric of dail life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of linking with the land.”可知，美洲土部落的文学是他们日常生活的真实写照。故选A。
文章最后一段的第一句话“Experience , then , is the key to early American literature."本段的主题句，说的是：美洲的生活经历是美国早期文学产生的关键因素。故选D。
由文章最后一段第四句话“They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd , wh thought of themselves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.”可知，这两位自认为是大英帝国臣民的英国作家对一场将会创造出一个拥有自己文学的美利坚合众国的革命从来没有任何怀疑。可见，一些英国作家对美国文学的将来充满信心。故选D。 -
第6题：
共用题干
The Beginning of American Literature America has always been a land of beginnings.After Europeans"discovered"America in the fifteenth century,the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life,an escape from poverty and persecution,a chance to start again.We can say that,as a nation,America begins with that hope.When,however,does American literature begin?
American literature begins with American experiences.Long before the first colonists arrived,before Christopher Columbus,before the Northmen who"found"America about the year 1000,native Americans lived here.Each tribe's literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daily life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of linking with the land.Another kind of experience,one filled with fear and excitement,found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain, French and English.In addition,the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilder- ness tell unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years. Experience,then, is the key to early American literature.
The New World provided a great variety of experiences,and these experiences demanded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early American writers.These writers included John Smith,who spent only two-and-a-half year on the American continent.
They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd,who thought of themselves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.American Indians,explorers,Puritan ministers,frontier wives,plantation owners-they are all the creators of the first American literature.When did American literature begin?
A:Before the American natives lived there.
B:When Columbus and other explorers sent reports back home.
C:When the Northmen found America in about 1000.
D:Long before the year 1000.答案：D解析：由文章第一段第二句话“… a genuine hope of a new life …”可知，that hope指的是人们对在美洲新大陆开始新生活的希望。故选B。
由文章第二段第二句可知，早在大约公元1000年北欧人发现美洲之前，美洲土著居民就居住在这里。第一句说“美国文学来源于美国人的生活经历”，由此可知，美国文学产生于公元1000年前就居住在这里的美洲土著居民的生活经历。故选D。
由文章第二段第三句话“Each tribe ' s literature was tightly woven into the fabric of dail life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of linking with the land.”可知，美洲土部落的文学是他们日常生活的真实写照。故选A。
文章最后一段的第一句话“Experience , then , is the key to early American literature."本段的主题句，说的是：美洲的生活经历是美国早期文学产生的关键因素。故选D。
由文章最后一段第四句话“They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd , wh thought of themselves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.”可知，这两位自认为是大英帝国臣民的英国作家对一场将会创造出一个拥有自己文学的美利坚合众国的革命从来没有任何怀疑。可见，一些英国作家对美国文学的将来充满信心。故选D。 -
第7题：
根据以下材料，回答题
People have smoked cigarettes for a longtime now. The tobacco which is used to make cigarettes was first grown in whatis now part of the United States. Christopher Columbus, who discovered America,saw the Indians smoking. Soon the dried leaves were transported to Europe. In thelate 1800s, the Turks made cigarettes popular.
Cigarette smoke contains at least twoharmful substances, tar and nicotine. Tar, which forms as the tobacco burns,damages the lungs and therefore affects breathing. Nicotine, which is found inthe leaves, causes the heart to beat faster and increases the breathing rate.Nicotine in large can kill a person by stopping a person′s breathing muscles.Smokers usually take in small amounts that the body can quickly break down.
Nicotine can make new smokers feel dizzy (头晕) or sick to theirstomachs. The heart rate for young smokers increases 2 to 3 beats per minute.Nicotine also lowers skin temperature and reduces blood flow in the legs andfeet. It plays an important role in increasing smokers′ risk of heart disease andstroke.
Smoking cigarettes is dangerous. Cigarettesmoking was the cause of lung cancer and several other deadly diseases.
The following effects are caused byNicotine EXCEPT that ______.查看材料A.it can make new smokers feel dizzy orsick to their stomachs
B.it lowers skin temperature
C.it causes the heart to beat less fast
D.nicotine will probably kill a person if asmoker takes in too much of it.答案：C解析：细节题。根据“Nicotine…causes the heart to beat faster and increases the breathing rate．”可知C项beat less fast错误。 -
第8题：
根据以下材料，回答题
People have smoked cigarettes for a longtime now. The tobacco which is used to make cigarettes was first grown in whatis now part of the United States. Christopher Columbus, who discovered America,saw the Indians smoking. Soon the dried leaves were transported to Europe. In thelate 1800s, the Turks made cigarettes popular.
Cigarette smoke contains at least twoharmful substances, tar and nicotine. Tar, which forms as the tobacco burns,damages the lungs and therefore affects breathing. Nicotine, which is found inthe leaves, causes the heart to beat faster and increases the breathing rate.Nicotine in large can kill a person by stopping a person′s breathing muscles.Smokers usually take in small amounts that the body can quickly break down.
Nicotine can make new smokers feel dizzy (头晕) or sick to theirstomachs. The heart rate for young smokers increases 2 to 3 beats per minute.Nicotine also lowers skin temperature and reduces blood flow in the legs andfeet. It plays an important role in increasing smokers′ risk of heart disease andstroke.
Smoking cigarettes is dangerous. Cigarettesmoking was the cause of lung cancer and several other deadly diseases.
What is the main purpose of the firstparagraph 查看材料A.To tell us the bad effects caused bysmoking cigarettes.
B.To introduce the history of smoking.
C.To let us know what the cigarettes aremade from.
D.To tell the readers that Columbus foundthe Indians smoking.答案：B解析：推断题。第一段主要讲述了烟草的来源，故选B。 -
第9题：
共用题干
The Dangers of Secondhand Smoke
Most people know that cigarette smoking is harmful to their health.Scientific research shows that it
causes many kinds of diseases.In fact,many people who smoke get lung cancer. However,Edward Gilson
has lung cancer,and he has never smoked cigarettes.He lives with his wife Evelyn,who has smoked about
a pack of cigarettes a day throughout their marriage.________(46)
No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer. Nevertheless,doctors believe that secondhand
smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke
from other people's cigarettes.________(47)The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about
53,000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.
The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals.In the past,
scientists did not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmoker's health._________(48)They
discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic chemicals in their bodies.As a matter
of fact,almost all of us breathe tobacco smoke at times,whether we realize it or not. For example,we can
not avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants,hotels and other public places.Even though many public places
have nonsmoking areas,smoke flows in from the areas where smoking is permitted.
It is even harder for children to avoid secondhand smoke._________(49)Research shows that chil-
dren who are exposed to secondhand smoke are sick more often than children who live in homes where no one
smokes and that the children of smokers are more than twice as likely to develop lung cancer when they are
adults as are children of nonsmokers.The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both
parents smoke.
People are becoming very aware of the dangers of secondhand smoke._________（50)__________（50）
A:Recently,though,scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers.
B:The Gilsons have been married for 35 years.
C:This smoke is called secondhand smoke.
D:However,secondhand smoke is dangerous to all people,old or young.
E:As a result,they have passed laws which prohibit people from smoking in many public places.
F: In the United States,nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.答案：E解析：前一句主要讲的是，Gilson先生与妻子Evelyn生活在一起，而Evelyn自他们结婚以来 一直是每天差不多抽一包烟。接下来显然应选表示他们结婚年限的句子。再者，只有B项提 到了Gilsons。
前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸人吸烟者吸烟时呼出的烟，后面应跟这种烟的定义，故选C。
前一句讲的是过去科学家们对二手烟的看法，接下来的句子应表示他们改变了看法， 因为后面的句子表明他们所持的观点已与过去截然不同。
前一句提到儿童与二手烟，接下来的句子自然仍然与儿童有关。
前一句讲的是人们逐渐意识到二手烟的危害，因此接下来的句子应表示人们采取措 施，禁止在公共场所吸烟。第6部分：完形填空 -
第10题：
问答题Practice 5 It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check; a check which has come back marked “insufficient funds.” But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. So we have come to cash this check—a check that will give US upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice. We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of now. This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism. Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to open the doors of opportunity to all of God's children. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quick sands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. ( I have a dream—Martin Luther King, Jr.）正确答案： 【参考译文】
就有色公民而论,美国显然没有实践她的诺言。美国没有履行这项神圣的义务,只是给黑人开了一张空头支票,支票上盖着“资金不足”的戳子后便退了回来。但是我们不相信正义的银行已经破产。我们不相信,在这个国家巨大的机会之库里竟然没有足够的储备。因此,今天我们要求将支票兑现——这张支票将给予我们宝贵的自由和正义的保障。
我们来到这个圣地也是为了提醒美国,现在是非常急迫的时刻;现在决非奢谈冷静下来或服用渐进主义的镇静剂的时候;现在是实现民主的诺言的时候;现在是从种族隔离的荒凉阴暗的深谷攀登种族平等的光明大道的时候;现在是向所有的上帝儿女开放机会之门的时候;现在是把我们的国家从种族不平等的流沙中拯救出来,并置于兄弟情谊的磐石上的时候。解析： 暂无解析 -
第11题：
单选题Passage2If you come to Australia，leave your naughty habits at the door. If you live here，get back in your box.The Australian government announced in the Federal Budget on Tuesday that it will be slogging smokers top dollar for a pack of ciggies.Right now，they cost on average A$25（$18.91）to A$30 for a packet of 20 or 25 cigarettes，which would already seem like highway robbery to anyone living in any other country on earth. Now，the government will be increasing the cost of cigarettes by 12.5%annually for four years. The increase will smack smokers in September each year.If you work off a packet costing AS25 today，by 2020 it will set you back a hefty AS40.So unless you are living in a life of luxury，it is probably going to break the bank. Must be time to read the How to stop smoking book your old neighbor Dave recommended in 2012.If you think you'll just bring the cigarettes in through the duty free back door，think again. The government is reducing the amount of cigarettes you can bring into the county from 50 cigarettes to 25 cigarettes. Not 25 packs，25 individual cigarettes. That's one packet.This price hike will earn the government A$4.7 billion and it will take the tax excise on cigarettes to almost 69% of the average price of a cigarette currently. This is in line with recommendations from the World Health Organization, which advised governments to increase tax by 70% so that it becomes unaffordable.These changes will improve the health of Australians by reducing their exposure to tobacco products and will ensure that tobacco products consumed domestically are fully taxed and comply with Australian regulations. the government noted in the budget papers.This increase will see Australia remaining easily the most expensive place in the world for smokers. In 2015, cigarettes in the city of Melbourne cost 142% more than in New York. Cigarettes in Sydney were 130% more, according to a Deutsche Bank report.Australia already has plain packaging laws, which see cigarettes wrapped in generic mould green color and slapped with a photograph of a dying baby.No more sneaky ciggies for you, casual smoker!What does the naughty habits in the first paragraph refer to?ASlogging smokers top dollar for a pack of ciggies.
BTaking tax excise on cigarettes.
CSmoking cigarettes.
DReducing the amount of cigarettes.
正确答案： B解析： -
第12题：
单选题Passage2If you come to Australia，leave your naughty habits at the door. If you live here，get back in your box.The Australian government announced in the Federal Budget on Tuesday that it will be slogging smokers top dollar for a pack of ciggies.Right now，they cost on average A$25（$18.91）to A$30 for a packet of 20 or 25 cigarettes，which would already seem like highway robbery to anyone living in any other country on earth. Now，the government will be increasing the cost of cigarettes by 12.5%annually for four years. The increase will smack smokers in September each year.If you work off a packet costing AS25 today，by 2020 it will set you back a hefty AS40.So unless you are living in a life of luxury，it is probably going to break the bank. Must be time to read the How to stop smoking book your old neighbor Dave recommended in 2012.If you think you'll just bring the cigarettes in through the duty free back door，think again. The government is reducing the amount of cigarettes you can bring into the county from 50 cigarettes to 25 cigarettes. Not 25 packs，25 individual cigarettes. That's one packet.This price hike will earn the government A$4.7 billion and it will take the tax excise on cigarettes to almost 69% of the average price of a cigarette currently. This is in line with recommendations from the World Health Organization, which advised governments to increase tax by 70% so that it becomes unaffordable.These changes will improve the health of Australians by reducing their exposure to tobacco products and will ensure that tobacco products consumed domestically are fully taxed and comply with Australian regulations. the government noted in the budget papers.This increase will see Australia remaining easily the most expensive place in the world for smokers. In 2015, cigarettes in the city of Melbourne cost 142% more than in New York. Cigarettes in Sydney were 130% more, according to a Deutsche Bank report.Australia already has plain packaging laws, which see cigarettes wrapped in generic mould green color and slapped with a photograph of a dying baby.No more sneaky ciggies for you, casual smoker!What is the passage trying to inform us?AThe Australian government will be placing high tax on smokers.
BThe harmful effects of smoking on smokers.
CThe benefits the government and the people of Australia can gain from the tax on cigarettes.
DThe government is reducing the amount of cigarettes you can bring into country.
正确答案： B解析： -
第13题：
People have smoked cigarettes for a long time now. The tobacco which is used to make cigarettes was first grown in what is now part of the United States. Christopher Columbus, who discovered America, saw the Indians smoking. Soon the dried leaves were transported to Europe. In the late 1800s, the Turks made cigarettes popular.
Cigarette smoke contains at least two harmful substances, tar and nicotine. Tar, which forms as the tobacco bums, damages the lungs and therefore affects breathing. Nicotine, which is found in the leaves, causes the heart to beat faster and increases the breathing rate. Nicotine in large can kill a person by stopping a person′s breathing muscles. Smokers usually take in small amounts that the body can quickly break down.
Nicotine can make new smokers feel dizzy (头晕) or sick to their stomachs. The heart rate for young smokers increases 2 to 3 beats per minute. Nicotine also lowers skin temperature and reduces blood flow in the legs and feet. It plays an important role in increasing smokers′ risk of heart disease and stroke.
Smoking cigarettes is dangerous. Cigarette smoking was the cause of lung cancer and several other deadly diseases.
___________ doesn′ t make one′ s heart beat as usual.A.Tar
B.Nicotine
C.Lung disease
D.Leave答案：B解析：细节题。根据第二段第三句“Nicotine，which is found in the leaves，causes the heart to beat faster and increases the breathing rate．”可知答案为B。 -
第14题：
共用题干
The Beginning of American Literature America has always been a land of beginnings.After Europeans"discovered"America in the fifteenth century,the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life,an escape from poverty and persecution,a chance to start again.We can say that,as a nation,America begins with that hope.When,however,does American literature begin?
American literature begins with American experiences.Long before the first colonists arrived,before Christopher Columbus,before the Northmen who"found"America about the year 1000,native Americans lived here.Each tribe's literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daily life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of linking with the land.Another kind of experience,one filled with fear and excitement,found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain, French and English.In addition,the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilder- ness tell unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years. Experience,then, is the key to early American literature.
The New World provided a great variety of experiences,and these experiences demanded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early American writers.These writers included John Smith,who spent only two-and-a-half year on the American continent.
They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd,who thought of themselves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.American Indians,explorers,Puritan ministers,frontier wives,plantation owners-they are all the creators of the first American literature.What does"that hope"in the first paragraph refer to?
A:The hope that America would be discovered.
B:The hope to start a new life.
C:The hope to see the mysteries of the New Worid.
D:The hope to find poverty here.答案：B解析：由文章第一段第二句话“… a genuine hope of a new life …”可知，that hope指的是人们对在美洲新大陆开始新生活的希望。故选B。
由文章第二段第二句可知，早在大约公元1000年北欧人发现美洲之前，美洲土著居民就居住在这里。第一句说“美国文学来源于美国人的生活经历”，由此可知，美国文学产生于公元1000年前就居住在这里的美洲土著居民的生活经历。故选D。
由文章第二段第三句话“Each tribe ' s literature was tightly woven into the fabric of dail life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of linking with the land.”可知，美洲土部落的文学是他们日常生活的真实写照。故选A。
文章最后一段的第一句话“Experience , then , is the key to early American literature."本段的主题句，说的是：美洲的生活经历是美国早期文学产生的关键因素。故选D。
由文章最后一段第四句话“They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd , wh thought of themselves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.”可知，这两位自认为是大英帝国臣民的英国作家对一场将会创造出一个拥有自己文学的美利坚合众国的革命从来没有任何怀疑。可见，一些英国作家对美国文学的将来充满信心。故选D。 -
第15题：
共用题干
U.S.Signs Global Tobacco Treaty 1 The United States has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco treaty that promises to help control the deadly effects of tobacco use throughout the world.Health and Human Services Secretary, Tommy Thompson, signed the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control(FCTC)this week at the United Nations.The Senate must still approve the treaty before the U.S.can implement its provisions.
2 The FCTC was developed by the World Health Organization and approved by members of the World Health Assembly,including the United States,last year.Countries that ratify it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies.
3 For instance,cigarettes sold in those countries would have to have health warnings on at least 30% of the front and back of every pack.The treaty calls for higher tobacco taxes,restrictions on smoking in public places,and more promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs.It also requires bans on tobacco advertising,though there are some exceptions for countries like the United States,where the Constitution prohibits such an outright ban.
4 The impact of the treaty could be huge.The World Health Organization estimates that tobacco use kills nearly 5 million people worldwide every year.In the U.S.alone,about 440,000 people die each year from tobacco-related illnesses;about one-third of all cancers in the U.S.are caused by tobacco use.If current trends continue,WHO estimates,by 2025 tobacco will kill 10 million people each year.
5 The treaty must be ratified by at least 40 countries before it can take effect.So far,109 countries have signed it,and 1 2 have ratified it.It is hoped that the FCTC will greatly help to reduce deaths______.
A:have ratified it
B:approving it
C:implement its provisions
D:restrict smoking in public places
E:caused by tobacco use
F:including higher tobacco taxes答案：E解析：文章第一段主要讲美国朝着批准一项全球性烟草协议迈出了第一步，这一步指的是美国本周在联合国签署了烟草控制框架性协议。故选B。
文章第二段讲烟草控制框架性协议是由世界卫生组织制定的，并且是在去年由世界卫生大会的成员国批准的。因此该段主要讲的是它的形成过程。故选D。
文章第三段列举了烟草控制框架性协钱时已通过此协议的国家的一些具体要求。故选A。
文章第四段通过列举吸烟所造成的危害来说明实施烟草控制框架性协议将产生的影响。故选E。
由文章第一段第一句话“The United States has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco treaty…”可知，签署烟草控制框架性协议只是朝着批准该协议迈出的第一步。故选B。
文章第二段最后一句话讲到通过烟草控制框架性协议的国家必须实施严格的烟草控制措施，而文章第三段列举了一些具体应实施的措施，其中包括限制在公共场所吸烟。故选D。
文章第四段讲到，实施烟草控制框架性协议将产生巨大的影响，并列举了吸烟所造成的巨大危害。由此可见人们希望该协议的实施可以大大减少吸烟所造成的危害，尤其是大量的死亡。故选E。
由文章第五段可知，已经签署烟草控制框架性协议的国家的数量大大超过了批准该协议的国家的数量。故选A。 -
第16题：
US Signs Global Tobacco Treaty【美国签订了全球烟草协议】
The United States has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco treaty that promises to help control the deadly effects of tobacco use throughout the world. Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson signed the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) this week at the United Nations. ____(46)
The FCTC was developed by the World Health Organization and approved by members of the World Health Assembly，including the United States，last year. ______(47)
For instance, cigarettes sold in those countries would have to have health warnings on at least 30% of the front and back of every pack. _____(48) It also requires bans on tobacco advertising, though there are some exceptions for countries like the United States, where the Constitution prohibits such an outright ban.
______(49)The World Health Organization estimates that tobacco use kills nearly 5 million people worldwide every year. In the US alone, about 440,000 people die each year from tobacco-related illnesses; about one-third of all cancers in the US are caused by tobacco use. If current trends continue, WHO estimates, by 2025 tobacco will kill 10 million people each year.
The treaty must be ratified by at least 40 countries before it can take effect. ______(50)
文章(41~45)A.Tobacco stocks also perked up as investors discounted fears of litigation(诉讼) from the US
B. So far，109 countries have signed it, and 12 have ratified it.
C. The impact of the treaty could be huge.
D. Countries that ratify(批准) it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies.
E.The treaty calls for higher tobacco taxes, restrictions on smoking in public places, and more promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs.
F. The Senate must still approve the treaty before the US can implement its provisions.答案：F解析： -
第17题：
共用题干
U.S.Signs Global Tobacco Treaty 1 The United States has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco treaty that promises to help control the deadly effects of tobacco use throughout the world.Health and Human Services Secretary, Tommy Thompson, signed the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control(FCTC)this week at the United Nations.The Senate must still approve the treaty before the U.S.can implement its provisions.
2 The FCTC was developed by the World Health Organization and approved by members of the World Health Assembly,including the United States,last year.Countries that ratify it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies.
3 For instance,cigarettes sold in those countries would have to have health warnings on at least 30% of the front and back of every pack.The treaty calls for higher tobacco taxes,restrictions on smoking in public places,and more promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs.It also requires bans on tobacco advertising,though there are some exceptions for countries like the United States,where the Constitution prohibits such an outright ban.
4 The impact of the treaty could be huge.The World Health Organization estimates that tobacco use kills nearly 5 million people worldwide every year.In the U.S.alone,about 440,000 people die each year from tobacco-related illnesses;about one-third of all cancers in the U.S.are caused by tobacco use.If current trends continue,WHO estimates,by 2025 tobacco will kill 10 million people each year.
5 The treaty must be ratified by at least 40 countries before it can take effect.So far,109 countries have signed it,and 1 2 have ratified it.Signing the FCTC is only the first step toward______.
A:have ratified it
B:approving it
C:implement its provisions
D:restrict smoking in public places
E:caused by tobacco use
F:including higher tobacco taxes答案：B解析：文章第一段主要讲美国朝着批准一项全球性烟草协议迈出了第一步，这一步指的是美国本周在联合国签署了烟草控制框架性协议。故选B。
文章第二段讲烟草控制框架性协议是由世界卫生组织制定的，并且是在去年由世界卫生大会的成员国批准的。因此该段主要讲的是它的形成过程。故选D。
文章第三段列举了烟草控制框架性协钱时已通过此协议的国家的一些具体要求。故选A。
文章第四段通过列举吸烟所造成的危害来说明实施烟草控制框架性协议将产生的影响。故选E。
由文章第一段第一句话“The United States has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco treaty…”可知，签署烟草控制框架性协议只是朝着批准该协议迈出的第一步。故选B。
文章第二段最后一句话讲到通过烟草控制框架性协议的国家必须实施严格的烟草控制措施，而文章第三段列举了一些具体应实施的措施，其中包括限制在公共场所吸烟。故选D。
文章第四段讲到，实施烟草控制框架性协议将产生巨大的影响，并列举了吸烟所造成的巨大危害。由此可见人们希望该协议的实施可以大大减少吸烟所造成的危害，尤其是大量的死亡。故选E。
由文章第五段可知，已经签署烟草控制框架性协议的国家的数量大大超过了批准该协议的国家的数量。故选A。 -
第18题：
根据以下材料，回答题
People have smoked cigarettes for a longtime now. The tobacco which is used to make cigarettes was first grown in whatis now part of the United States. Christopher Columbus, who discovered America,saw the Indians smoking. Soon the dried leaves were transported to Europe. In thelate 1800s, the Turks made cigarettes popular.
Cigarette smoke contains at least twoharmful substances, tar and nicotine. Tar, which forms as the tobacco burns,damages the lungs and therefore affects breathing. Nicotine, which is found inthe leaves, causes the heart to beat faster and increases the breathing rate.Nicotine in large can kill a person by stopping a person′s breathing muscles.Smokers usually take in small amounts that the body can quickly break down.
Nicotine can make new smokers feel dizzy (头晕) or sick to theirstomachs. The heart rate for young smokers increases 2 to 3 beats per minute.Nicotine also lowers skin temperature and reduces blood flow in the legs andfeet. It plays an important role in increasing smokers′ risk of heart disease andstroke.
Smoking cigarettes is dangerous. Cigarettesmoking was the cause of lung cancer and several other deadly diseases.
Tobacco first appeared in ______.查看材料A.Asia
B.Africa
C.Europe
D.America答案：D解析：细节题。根据第一段第二句话“Thetobacco which is used to make cigarettes was first grown in what is now part ofthe United States．”可知答案为D。 -
第19题：
根据以下材料，回答题
People have smoked cigarettes for a longtime now. The tobacco which is used to make cigarettes was first grown in whatis now part of the United States. Christopher Columbus, who discovered America,saw the Indians smoking. Soon the dried leaves were transported to Europe. In thelate 1800s, the Turks made cigarettes popular.
Cigarette smoke contains at least twoharmful substances, tar and nicotine. Tar, which forms as the tobacco burns,damages the lungs and therefore affects breathing. Nicotine, which is found inthe leaves, causes the heart to beat faster and increases the breathing rate.Nicotine in large can kill a person by stopping a person′s breathing muscles.Smokers usually take in small amounts that the body can quickly break down.
Nicotine can make new smokers feel dizzy (头晕) or sick to theirstomachs. The heart rate for young smokers increases 2 to 3 beats per minute.Nicotine also lowers skin temperature and reduces blood flow in the legs andfeet. It plays an important role in increasing smokers′ risk of heart disease andstroke.
Smoking cigarettes is dangerous. Cigarettesmoking was the cause of lung cancer and several other deadly diseases.
______doesn′t make one′s heart beat asusual.查看材料A.Tar
B.Nicotine
C.Lung disease
D.Leave答案：B解析：细节题。根据第二段第三句“Nicotine，which is found in the leaves，causes theheart to beat faster and increases the breathing rate．”可知答案为B。
-
第20题：
根据以下材料，回答题
People have smoked cigarettes for a longtime now. The tobacco which is used to make cigarettes was first grown in whatis now part of the United States. Christopher Columbus, who discovered America,saw the Indians smoking. Soon the dried leaves were transported to Europe. In thelate 1800s, the Turks made cigarettes popular.
Cigarette smoke contains at least twoharmful substances, tar and nicotine. Tar, which forms as the tobacco burns,damages the lungs and therefore affects breathing. Nicotine, which is found inthe leaves, causes the heart to beat faster and increases the breathing rate.Nicotine in large can kill a person by stopping a person′s breathing muscles.Smokers usually take in small amounts that the body can quickly break down.
Nicotine can make new smokers feel dizzy (头晕) or sick to theirstomachs. The heart rate for young smokers increases 2 to 3 beats per minute.Nicotine also lowers skin temperature and reduces blood flow in the legs andfeet. It plays an important role in increasing smokers′ risk of heart disease andstroke.
Smoking cigarettes is dangerous. Cigarettesmoking was the cause of lung cancer and several other deadly diseases.
What′s the main idea of this passage 查看材料A.Where did cigarettes come from
B.The effect of smoking on your body.
C.How to smoke is healthy
D.Who is the first smoker答案：B解析：主旨题。通读全文可知本文主要介绍的是吸烟的影响。 -
第21题：
问答题Practice 8 The United States has long been known as a “melting pot”, because many of its people are descended from settlers who came from all over the world to make their homes in the new land. The first immigrants in American history came from England and the Netherlands. Attracted by reports of great economic opportunities and religious and political freedom, immigrants from many other countries flocked to the United States in increasing numbers, reaching a peak in the years 1880—1914. Between 1820 and 1980 the United States admitted almost 50 million immigrants. Some 1,360,000 American Indians, descendants of North America's first inhabitants, now reside in the United States. Most live in the West, but many are in the south and north central areas. Of the more than 300 separate tribes, the largest is the Navaho in the Southwest. Black people were first brought to America from Africa as slaves. Their descendants now make up nearly 12 percent of the population. They once lived mainly in the agricultural South but now are scattered throughout the nation.正确答案： 【参考译文】
美国历来以“民族熔锅”著称,因为许多美国人是移民的后裔,当年这些移民从世界各地来到这块新土地上安家落户。美国历史上首批移民来自英国和荷兰。许多其他国家的人听说在美国经济上有很大的发展机会,还有宗教自由和政治自由,于是便纷纷移居美国,移民人数越来越多,1880年至1914年达到了顶峰。在1820年到1980年间,美国接纳了近5000万移民。
现在约有1360000名印第安人居住在美国,他们是北美土著的后裔。大多数印第安人住在西部,也有许多住在中部的南北地区。美国印第安人分属300多个不同的部落,其中最大的是西南部的纳瓦霍部落。
黑人当初是被当作奴隶从非洲贩运到美国的,他们的后裔现在几乎占美国人口的百分之十二。从前,黑人主要聚居在南方农业地带,但如今则分散到美国各地。解析： 暂无解析 -
第22题：
单选题Passage2If you come to Australia，leave your naughty habits at the door. If you live here，get back in your box.The Australian government announced in the Federal Budget on Tuesday that it will be slogging smokers top dollar for a pack of ciggies.Right now，they cost on average A$25（$18.91）to A$30 for a packet of 20 or 25 cigarettes，which would already seem like highway robbery to anyone living in any other country on earth. Now，the government will be increasing the cost of cigarettes by 12.5%annually for four years. The increase will smack smokers in September each year.If you work off a packet costing AS25 today，by 2020 it will set you back a hefty AS40.So unless you are living in a life of luxury，it is probably going to break the bank. Must be time to read the "How to stop smoking" book your old neighbor Dave recommended in 2012.If you think you'll just bring the cigarettes in through the duty free back door，think again. The government is reducing the amount of cigarettes you can bring into the county from 50 cigarettes to 25 cigarettes. Not 25 packs，25 individual cigarettes. That's one packet.This price hike will earn the government A$4.7 billion and it will take the tax excise on cigarettes to almost 69% of the average price of a cigarette currently. This is in line with recommendations from the World Health Organization, which advised governments to increase tax by 70% so that it becomes unaffordable."These changes will improve the health of Australians by reducing their exposure to tobacco products and will ensure that tobacco products consumed domestically are fully taxed and comply with Australian regulations. "the government noted in the budget papers.This increase will see Australia remaining easily the most expensive place in the world for smokers. In 2015, cigarettes in the city of Melbourne cost 142% more than in New York. Cigarettes in Sydney were 130% more, according to a Deutsche Bank report.Australia already has plain packaging laws, which see cigarettes wrapped in generic mould green color and slapped with a photograph of a dying baby.No more sneaky ciggies for you, casual smoker!Which of the following is true according to the passage?ATo avoid breaking the bank of Australia, people are advised to read the "How to stop smoking "book.
BThrough the duty free back door, the number of cigarettes that can be brought into the country is from 50 to 25.
CThe WHO advised governments to take high enough tax excise on cigarettes producers.
DOnly by reducing the exposure to tobacco products will the changes improve the health of Australians.
正确答案： B解析： -
第23题：
单选题What does the author mean by moms to be in the last paragraph?AWomen who are pregnant, especially for the first time.
BWomen who dream of having babies for the first time.
CWomen who already have children.
DWomen who have just got babies for the first time.
正确答案： A解析：